Enzymes are naturally occurring biological catalysts that are extremely efficient and specific. Enzymes accelerate the rate of a reaction by factors of at least a million as compared to the same reaction without the enzyme. Most biological reaction rates are not perceivable in the absence of the enzyme. The term enzyme was first used by a German pshysiologist Wilhelm Kühne in 1897. There are over 700 different kinds of enzymes that have been identified. Enzymes can be classified into several categories
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Enzyme Lab Introduction/ Abstract An enzyme is a substance produced by a living organism that acts as a catalyst to bring about a specific biochemical reaction. They are mainly made up of proteins and can tremendously speed up reactions. E. coli ( a bacterium) has about 1‚000 different types of enzymes floating around in its cytoplasm at any given time. Enzymes can be used to join and even break up molecules as shown in the diagram below. (1)
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I predict that as I increase the temperature‚ the distance moved by the meniscus will also increase. I believe this will happen as aerobic respiration is taking place. This is respiration involving the consumption of oxygen gas‚ producing carbon dioxide and water‚ as shown below. C6H12O6 + 6O2 --> 6CO2 + 6H2O + 36ATP This process allows energy to be produced in the form of ATP‚ Adenosine Triose Phosphate. This occurs by converting glucose into pyruvate via glycolysis. Pyruvate is then transported
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meter (N/m2)‚ or pascals (Pa). 3. Slowly drag the temperature (T) slider back and forth. (Note: In this Gizmo‚ the Kelvin scale is used to measure temperature. On the Kelvin scale‚ 0 degrees is absolute zero‚ the coldest possible temperature. Absolute zero is equal to -273.15 °C or -459.67 °F) A. How does the change in temperature affect the speed of the molecules? __If the temperature is colder the molecules move slower and if the temperature is hotter the molecules move faster.
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Aim: This experiment aims to determine what effect an increase in the surrounding temperature has on the plasma membrane of a typical plant cell structure. Hypothesis: An increase in temperature will damage and denature the plasma membrane and cause the cytoplasm and other substances contained within the membrane to leak out. Introduction: The purpose of a cell membrane is to control the transport of substances moving into and out of a cell. The membrane is an extremely thin layer (8 to 10 manometers
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structure of the enzyme is mainly dependent on the active site and variable groups. Extreme temperatures or extreme pHs can alter the structure of an enzyme. Enzymes function to lower the activation energy to break the bonds. They achieve this by putting stress and pressure on the bonds or creating a microenvironment for the substrate. Enzymes are regulated by inhibitors or activators and can be inhibited by the products of the reaction‚ called feedback inhibition. Enzymes are catalytic proteins;
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This essay will describe the structure and function of the heart‚ it will also explain the meaning of Atherosclerosis and how it can lead to myocardial infarctions and angina. It will also discuss and identify the factors that can increase the risk of Coronary Heart Disease and how lifestyle changes can prevent it. The main function of the human heart is to pump blood around the body. It is a muscular cone shaped organ‚ the average size of the human heart is the size of a clenched fist and weights
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Enzyme kinetics (catalase/kmno4) Enzyme catalysis Farah Mohamed galal 22-3014 t09 Introduction: E + S → ES → E + P Enzymes are proteins which act as a catalyst in biochemical reactions(affect the rate of achemical reaction). The substrate binds to the active site of the enzyme. Any deformation of the active site will affect the activity of the enzyme‚ these are some ways that enzyme action may be affected because of them: 1- Salt concentration: If it is close to zero or very high
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A2 Practical Investigations Title: The effect of Temperature on the growth of Aspergillus oryzae Develop a Hypothesis This particular investigation is to discover how a range of temperatures effects the growth rate of the fungi Aspergillus oryzae. Most fungi’s tend to survive within the temperature range of 5-35oC‚ with the optimum depending on their normal environmental temperature. The fungi Aspergillus oryzae is heterotrophic which means they taken in their food from dead organic matter and cannot
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May 1‚ 2013 Enzymes as Drug Targets Enzymes are defined as any of numerous proteins produced in living cells that accelerate or catalyze the metabolic processes of an organism. Enzymes are usually very selective in the molecules that they act upon‚ called substrates‚ often reacting with only a single substrate. The substrate binds to the enzyme at a location called the active site just before the reaction catalyzed by the enzyme takes place. Enzymes can speed up chemical reactions by up to
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