this: if we accept the theological conception of right and wrong- we’re caught in a major dilemma. Socrates’ question requires us to clarify what we mean. The name "divine command theory" can be used to refer to any one of a family of related ethical theories. What these theories have in common is that they take God’s will to be the foundation of ethics. According to divine command theory‚ things are morally good or bad‚ or morally obligatory‚ permissible‚ or prohibited‚ solely because of God’s
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her true potential. Aristotle believes that this is something everyone should work to achieve. No one intentionally wants to fail at being a human being and so people do whatever they can to continue to flourish. Aristotle’s philosophy favors ethical egoism because he believes that everything people do is in order to secure their own happiness in the end. According to Aristotle‚ human’s have two sides‚ an animal side and a side of reason. If we only indulged in our animal side‚ we would never accomplish
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nature is not sufficiently selfish to make it possible that many people will sacrifice so much for a stranger. The facts of human nature which was clearly described by the author using two stories about Dora and Bob. Singer effectively argued the ethical distinction of right and wrong between the acts of Dora who sold a child to organ peddler but later realized and corrected her action‚ with the action of Bob‚ who chose to save a valuable old car than the life of a child. Using the two situations
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an essay between 2 to 3 pages discussing her ideas in today ’s moral environment. Rand grew up in Russia in the early 1900s and later immigrated to United States in 1926. Coming from a socialist society may explain her total rejection of the ethical altruism concept. Although altruism and socialism don ’t mean the same thing‚ one can see how the meaning of altruism can be thought of as one of the pillars of socialism. Based on Rand ’s writings‚ she only recognizes the extreme or ideal definition
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The fiction novel‚ The Fountainhead‚ by Ayn Rand is based off of her philosophy of Objectivism. Ayn Rand defines and separates her philosophy of Objectivism into four different and distinct parts. The first part Ayn Rand explains is Metaphysics. Metaphysics is an objective reality where you only accept facts as reality and not fantasies or desires. The next part of Objectivism is Epistemology‚ which is reasoning by perceiving reality by using knowledge or facts as your guide. The third part is
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While humans may have progressed remarkably in science‚ technology‚ engineering‚ medicine‚ and other fields‚ our ego and our selfish motives have held us back from achieving our most important goals. By accepting ego into our lives‚ we are essentially giving permission for our pride to allow itself to come between us and our goals. Our ego is basically a self-image of who we are. With most it being deeply subconscious‚ our ego creates the inner “I” in our self and controls certain aspects of our
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Egocentrism Egocentrism is the tendency to see reality as centered on oneself. Egocentrics are selfish‚ self-absorbed people who view their interests‚ ideas‚ and values as superior to everyone else’s. All of us are affected to some degree by egocentric biases. One cannot think clearly about what one is wrapped up in. —Holmes Rolston Egocentrism can manifest itself in a variety of ways. Two common forms are self-interested thinking and self-serving bias. Self-interested thinking is the
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and expensive jewleries. Yet‚ they choose to donate the money for public goods out of their pursuing of superior satisifications.The satisification they gained through this donation is much larger than the profits they made‚ as their identities and personal values are recognized and admired by society and
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Rand’s argument for the definition of selfishness’ is that it does not include a moral evaluation; it does not tell us whether concern with one’s own interest is good or evil. She states that selfishness’ has become a synonym to the word evil’. Which brings the minds of people to images of a murderous brute‚ therefore it does not constitute man’s actual interests. Altruism‚ which means unselfishness; self-sacrifice; selflessness‚ is declared by Rand that it takes any action for the benefit of
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Regarding human nature‚ philosophers have reduced it to one of two views: That man is inherently selfish‚ or is capable of selflessness. Philosophers love simplicity to a fault‚ and will often attempt to reduce concepts to a primary cause. This often leads to certain misconceptions‚ because though something can be reduced‚ it does not necessarily make it true. Most would argue that J.M. Coetzee sides with the theory of self-interest in his novel Disgrace. I‚ on the other hand‚ disagree. I don’t mean
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