Political factors include government regulations and legal issues determining the conditions under which companies have to operate. In this field‚ the computer industry has to face certain restraints. Problems can arise in countries where political stability is not guaranteed‚ no matter whether companies operate production facilities or if they do business with the country through exports. Many countries still have restrictive policies which are maintained to protect domestic manufacturers and production
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12/3/2012 History of International Business Forces Behind Globalization Pre-industrial Trade around the world Strong manufacturing base of Europe & UK in early 1900 American dominance after WW-II Bretten Woods Monetary Agreement Japan Influence post 1970 Soviet weakness Developing nations stepping up exports Entry of China/India/Mexico/Brazil Worldwide Communication Increase in and expansion of technology Liberalization of cross-border trade Development
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What is PESTLE Analysis? PESTLE analysis‚ which is sometimes referred as PEST analysis‚ is a concept in marketing principles. Moreover‚ this concept is used as a tool by companies to track the environment they’re operating in or are planning to launch a new project/product/service etc. 1. Political: These factors determine the extent to which a government may influence the economy or a certain industry. [For example] a government may impose a new tax or duty due to which entire revenue generating
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assertions and audit objectives - Define management assertions and the related audit objectives - Describe management assertions related to class of transactions‚ balances and presentation and disclosures - List out and describe general transaction related audit objectives‚ balance related audit objectives and presentation and disclosure audit objectives - Understand specific audit objectives and how they are linked to general audit objectives and management assertions Topic 4 – Audit evidence
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* Subject Synopsis This course introduces the elements of auditing. It discusses the principles and procedures of auditing‚ types of audits‚ scope and objectives of auditing. It also covers professional ethics in auditing‚ audit evidences‚ audit planning and various other aspects of auditing. Moreover it gives knowledge about objectives of doing audit. The course also aims to explain the liability and responsibility of the auditor and how the computerised environment effects the business environment
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PESTLE Analysis Political Factors “A Healthier You” Government Strategy Reporting of organic prices. Safety Inspections Services. Evaluation: POSITIVE impact Economic Factors GDP: ↑ 3.9% in the 3rd qtr Real Personal Consumption expenditures ↑3.0% in 3rd qtr Disposable Personal Income ↑ 6.1 % in the 3rd qtr US Business Cycle: At “slump”/ Wages/Labour European Markets: Weak dollar against Euro‚ Surging Energy Prices‚ Increasing Interest Rates Evaluation: MODERATE impact PESTLE
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expectations for revenue accounts Recognize factors that lead to precise expectations of account balances Appreciate the degree of professional judgment involved in evaluating differences between expected and reported account balances Understand the audit planning implications of using analytical procedures as substantive tests of account balances Burlington Bees‚ an independent‚ minor league baseball team‚ competes in the North-west Coast League. The team finished in second place in 200X with
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Standards Introduction Self-regulated: the standards governing audits were established by members of the profession themselves Sarbanes-Oxley Acct of 2002 Created: Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) to provide external and independent oversight over the audits of public entities Responsible for registering public accounting firms‚ establishing standards for audit engagements‚ and inspecting the quality of audits conducted by public accounting firms ****Generally Accepted Auditing
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the circumstances and opinion expressed by an auditor‚ where he is unable to obtain sufficient audit evidence. 2. Auditors of M/s Santa Banta (P) Ltd. were changed for the accounting year 2010-11. However there was no change in the position of closing stock which remained at ` 400 lacs . The auditors of the company propose to exclude the audit of closing stock of ` 400 lacs from their audit programme on the understanding that it pertains to the preceding year which was audited by another
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1 Chapter 7: Audit Evidence I. Definition: Evidence – information used by the auditor to draw conclusions on the fair presentation of the financial statements. Audit objectives suggest the types of evidence to accumulate. II. Decisions on evidence accumulation A. Which audit procedures to use. General Objectives: Six TRAOs Eight BRAOs Four PDAOs Accounting Cycles: Five Management Assertions Specific Objectives: At least: Six TRAOs Eight BRAOs Four PDAOs Audit Procedures: At least one
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