Growth This paper investigates the design of tax structures to promote economic growth. It suggests a “tax and growth” ranking of taxes‚ confirming results from earlier literature but providing a more detailed disaggregation of taxes. Corporate taxes are found to be most harmful for growth‚ followed by personal income taxes‚ and then consumption taxes. Recurrent taxes on immovable property appear to have the least impact. A revenue neutral growth-oriented tax reform would‚ therefore‚ be to shift part
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TAX MANAGEMENT [pic] LESSONS FROM HISTORY Lessons From History [pic] Taxes are as old as recorded history. They are mentioned in ancient Sumer around 3‚000 B.C. Tithing‚ the practice of pledging ten percent of one’s wealth‚ was commonly practice among ancient peoples and still is used today by some religious groups in the United States. Rome collapsed when taxation reached fifty-two percent and when taxes imposed on the colonies reached twenty-three percent‚ that was considered
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Private Equity in Nigeria An Overview of Nigerian Venture Capital and Private Equity Private Equity in Nigeria Page 2 CONTENT EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 3 NIGERIA COUNTRY ANALYSIS 5 TABLES AND EXHIBITS 7 Private Equity in Nigeria Page 3 Executive Summary1 Nigeria is facing an uncertain future as outbreaks of ethnic and religious violence continue to place strains on Africa’s most populated country. With the 2003 elections approaching‚ the continuing battle amongst incumbent politicians
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Is it possible for large‚ profit focussed organisations to be both profitable and “fair”? Over the past year there have been an increasing number of issues which have risen on how businesses such as Amazon‚ Thames Water‚ Google‚ Facebook and Starbucks have made vast amount of profits but haven’t been fair-minded. For example Starbucks made £400m sales in the UK but paid no corporation tax. According to Milton Freidman the main objective of a business is to increase profits so long as it stays within
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Dillon G. Nuclear Energy vs. Conventional Petroleum Energy Through out the history of the United states the main source of energy has been conventional Oil‚ Coal‚ and gas energy‚ or better known as Conventional petroleum energy. However as the demand for electricity sky rockets the pollution produced from the traditional fossil fuel burning plants is reaching dangerous levels. Gas‚ coal and oil burning power plants are as of now responsible for half of America’s air pollution (tripod/online)
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SCRAPPING THE MINING TAX- IS IT GOOD OR BAD? Executive summary Introduction The Australian governments mining tax‚ the mineral resource rent tax (MRRT) has always been under the radar for its ever changing policies. It is very easy to pint out its significant issues‚ but reforming the tax is quite a major task at hand. All the corporations involved within the mining industry‚ as well the different corporations in the economy‚ pay a current income tax rate of 30% on its revenue that they earn
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the Africa Partnership Forum‚ 26-27 October 2006‚ Moscow‚ Baunsgaard‚ Thomas and M. Keen (2005)‚ “Tax Revenue and (or?) Trade Liberalization”‚ IMF Working Document 05/112‚ IMF‚ New York‚ www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/wp/2005/wp05112.pdf. Bernstein‚ Thomas P. and Xiaobo Lu (2003)‚ Taxation without Representation in Contemporary China‚ Cambridge University Press‚ Cambridge. Bird‚ Richard M. (2007)‚ “Tax Challenges Facing Developing Countries: A Perspective from Outside the Policy Arena”‚ DFID‚ London
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The Financial System in Nigeria: An Overview of Banking Sector Reforms The Financial System in Nigeria: An Overview of Banking Sector Reforms E. J. Ofanson (Ph.D)1 O. M. Aigbokhaevbolo (Ph.D)2 G. O. Enabulu3 Abstract The paper overviews the banking sector reforms within the framework of the Nigerian Financial System. A theoretical approach was adopted although empirical evidence was presented in some cases. It was clear that developments in the banking sub-sector of the Nigerian financial system
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THE THREE ERAS OF TAXATION IN NIGERIA General Historical Overview of Taxation Taxes are as old as the history of organised human society. During the reign of the Pharaohs in Egypt tax collectors were called scribes and taxes were collected on various items including cooking oil.1 In the ancient Greek city of Athens‚ taxes were especially important in times of war. The tax imposed during times of war was known as eisphora and no one was exempted from this tax. After the war‚ when additional
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Organizations can create it to define themselves or get branded due to their actions. Therefore‚ its more important to have a the right image that reflect an organization’s commitment to quality‚ excellence and its constructive role in the society. British Petroleum (BP) is a major enterprise to redefine its core values in the light of its ethical considerations. It is an example of antagonism between its core business and it’s core values. Since years it has been subject of criticism more than any other oil
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