is used in the manufacturing of many economically important products such as the manufacturing of glass‚ chemicals‚ paper and detergents. Since sodium carbonate has a strong base‚ it is commonly used to neutralize acidic effects. Soda ash has a high pH in concentrated solutions and can irritate the eyes and skin as well as cause corrosion of the stomach lining if ingested. To determine the efficiency of a titrimetric and potentiometric method while determining the carbonate in soda ash‚ both a t-test
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Table of Content1.Introduction...................................................................................32.Fieldwork Methods.......................................................................43.Individual Sites Descriptions and Analysis...................................7Location 1.............................................................................7Location 2.............................................................................9Location 3.............................
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extensive analysis of valid secondary economic data‚ regarding economic indicators ranging from GDP to population size. Economic indicators are various strands of data that provide knowledge and information on how global economy is operating. An economist might use economic indicators as compass to direct themselves‚ and to predict future economic outcomes. Macroeconomists is the study of economic indicators‚ these indicators show economist how well the economy is operating‚ by revealing the present
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by-products‚ particularly the nitrogenous wastes that result from the breakdown of proteins and nucleic acids. Amino (NH2) groups are the result of such metabolic reactions and can be toxic if ammonia (NH3) is formed from them. Ammonia tends to raise the pH of bodily fluids and interfere with membrane transport functions. To avoid this the amino groups are converted into urea‚ which is less toxic and can be transported and stored to be released by the excretory system. Urea is the result of two amino
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abuse‚ neglect‚ or exploitation by others. “Neglect” can be repeated conduct or a single incident of carelessness‚ which could reasonably be expected to result in serious physical or psychological injury or a possible risk of death.” Indicators of neglect include: • Pressure sores or ulcers; • Excessive odor or dirt on the body or clothing; • The presence of fleas or lice; • Listlessness and fatigue; • Deteriorating health or wasting away; • Malnutrition or dehydration; • Over-medication
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Compare and contrast the chemical reactions of strong and weak acids and strong and weak bases. 3. Define pH and the pH scale and understand how pH relates to the acidity of a substance. 4. Classify substances as acidic‚ basic‚ or neutral using a pH indicator. 5. Determine if a neutralization reaction has occurred. 6. Classify common household substances as acidic‚ basic‚ or neutral using a pH indicator. 7. Balance neutralization reactions. 8. Write net ionic equations for neutralization reactions. PROCEDURE
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ONE Date of Condn. Date of Subn. Sign 1 Estimation of COD of the given sample of water. 2 Estimation of Manganese in the given pyrolusite ore. 3 Estimation of Magnesium by EDTA method. 4 Estimation of purity of drug using pH meter. 5 Estimation of Ammonia in ammonium salts. 6 Polarimetric estimation of sugar CYCLE TWO Date of Condn. Date of Subn. Sign 7 Estimation of Phosphorous in the mixed sample. 8 Estimation of Sugar by Lane-Eynon
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ACIDS AND BASES The reason that acid-base reactions are so important is that many of the things you come into contact with on a daily basis are either acids or bases. Most fruits are acids‚ as are carbonated beverages‚ tea‚ and battery acid. Common household bases include baking soda‚ ammonia‚ soap‚ and antacids. What are acids and bases? There are not one but three common definitions used to describe acids and bases: 1. Arrhenius acids and bases 2. Brønsted-Lowry acids and bases 3. Lewis acids
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Bio Practical Study Notes Some good questions to ask: | | first-hand information and data | secondary information and data | reliability | Have I tested with repetition? | How consistent is the information with information from other reputable sources? | validity | Does my procedure experiment actually test the hypothesis that I want it to? What variables have I identified and controlled? | How was the information gathered? Do the findings relate to the hypothesis or problem? | Control:
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was determined. After mixing 800 mL of water with 4.2 mL of 19.1 M NaOH‚ the diluted solution of NaOH was poured in a buret until the initial volume on the buret was 30.00 mL. 0.3005g of KHP was dissolved in 40.0 mL of 50% ethanol‚ and a drop of indicator was added to the Erlenmeyer flask containing the KHP solution. When the titration of KHP solution with NaOH reached its endpoint‚ pale pink color was observed‚ the final volume of NaOH in the buret‚ 45.00 mL‚ was recorded. Based on the data obtained
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