Practical Exam Survival Guide Spectrophotometry * Know to create a calibration curve: What are the labels for the axes? (Absorbance on y-axis‚ concentration on the x-axis.) * Know how to use the data from a calibration curve to find (1) slope and (2) equation of the line. * How are absorbance and transmittance related? We discussed several equations: A = log (100/%T) A = (I0/IT) T = (IT/I0) x 100% A = 2 – log (%T) * What is Beer’s law and what does it describe? Rates
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Ph Lab Report Bryon Kim 123013 B(2) Biology Background information/Research PH paper (litmus paper) determines how acidic or how basic a substance is. The paper changes color accordingly to color code on the pH scale. The pH scale starts from 0 to 14. The lower the number the more acidic it is. Zero is the most acidic‚ and 14 is the most basic while 7 is the neutral number for example water. Examples of an acid is lemon juice or multi purpose cleaner. Examples of a basic substance is shampoo or liquid soap
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2014 Zamir Deen Virtual Chem Lab 6-2 & 6-3 Ranking Salt Solutions by pH 6-2: Ranking Salt Solutions by pH In this assignment you will be asked to rank aqueous solutions of acids‚ bases‚ and salts in order of increasing pH. This is most easily done by first identifying the strong acids that have the lowest pH‚ the strong bases that have the highest pH‚ and the neutral solutions that have a pH near 7. The weak acids will have a pH between 1 and 6 and the weak bases between 8 and 14. The exact order
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stronger and acidic if the acid is stronger. If both are of equal strength‚ then the equivalence pH will be neutral. However‚ weak acids are not often titrated against weak bases because the colour change shown with the indicator is often quick‚ and therefore very difficult for the observer to see the change of colour. The point at which the indicator changes colour is called the end point. A suitable indicator should be chosen‚ preferably one that will experience a change in colour (an end point) close
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The Mass of Acetylsalicylic Acid in Aspirin ------------------------------------------------- Purpose The purpose of the lab is to determine the mass of the ‘active ingredient’ in a commercial ASA tablet. ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- Introduction There are three main theories surrounding acids and bases including the Arrhenius‚ Bronsted-Lowry‚ and Lewis theories. The Arrhenius theory of acids and bases states that
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Concepts: • Decomposition reaction • Oxidation–reduction • Electrolysis • pH Materials: Sodium Chloride/universal indicator solution‚ NaCl‚ 25 mL Overhead projector Pencil lead‚ 0.7 mm Battery lead with alligator clips Petri dish‚ disposable Battery‚ 9-Volt Graduated cylinder‚ 25- mL Safety Precautions: Universal indicator is an alcohol-based solution and is flammable; do not use near an open flame. Wear chemical splash goggles‚ chemical-resistant
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watch glass‚ g | 36.2842 | The mass of watch glass with product‚ g | 39.9803 | The mass of product‚ borix acid‚ g | 3.6961 | Test | Result | Boric acid is dissolved in water and methyl red indicator is added. | Pink solution is observed | Mannitol is dissolved in water and methyl red indicator is added. | Pink solution is observed | Both solution is added together | The colour of solution remain unchanged | A little methanol and concentrated sulphuric acid is added to boric acid‚ the
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units of the pH scale and be able to distinguish between acid‚ base‚ and neutral compounds using the pH scale. Q8-1: What is something with a pH of 8? Q-8-2: A pH of 6 or lower results in what kind of compound? Concept 9: Understand Kw and its relationship to the ionization of water. Understand the relationship between [OH-] and the [H+] or [H3O+] in acidic and basic solutions. Q-9-1: Determine how many more times more basic the first pH is versus the second pH pH of 5 vs. pH of 3 Q-9-2:
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Experiment 1: "A cis to trans conversion" Saturday‚ June 25‚ 2005 4:19 PM Notes on Theory • Alkenes o They are hydrocarbons with a C=C double bond • Double bonds are stronger and more reactive than single bonds o Hydrocarbons with double bonds used to be known as "olefins"‚ because they had an oily appearance • "Oleum" means oil • "Ficare" means make • Isomers o Geometric isomers have the same molecular formula‚ but a different geometric arrangement • They also have different physical properties
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Periodic Table: * Mass Number = protons + neutrons in the nucleus * Atomic Number = number of protons in the nucleus * Number of neutrons = mass number – atomic number Example: Lithium (Li) * # of protons + # of neutrons = mass # * 3 + 4 = 6.9/ 7 * The atomic mass is the mean of all the isotopes of Lithium in nature; round the number * Isotopes of a specific element have a varying number of neutrons * The number
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