Which Treatment for Phantom Limb Pain Based on Central Mechanisms is Most Effective? Abstract Phantom limb pain is a common symptom experienced by over 90% of amputees. It’s defined as a painful sensation from a part of the body that no longer exists. There are a variety of methods for treating this neuropathic pain‚ but at the moment there is no specific treatment to tackle the pain completely. A mixture of medications and therapies has been proposed and trialed including drugs‚ surgical treatment
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limb. This feeling‚ referred to as "phantom pain" or "stump hallucination"‚ is a frustrating sensation to an amputee. For some amputees‚ these phantom sensations may be no more than painless distractions of pressure‚ warmth‚ and cold that do not interfere with their everyday lives. Some patients have even reported having phantom pleasures; an "orgasmic" feeling in a missing limb. For the majority of amputees‚ about 50% to 80% (Sherman)‚ they experience phantom pains that vary in classification from
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Phantom movements and pain -an fMRI study in upper limb amputees A Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) experiment was conducted on 14 upper limb amputees who were being compared and assessed with seven fully competent participants. This experiment involved examining the execution of hand and lip movements and imagined movements of the phantom limb or left hand. Fourteen of the participants had part of their upper limb amputated‚ nine of which had lost their right hand. During the experiment
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Business Negotiations Summary of My negotiation from the Opera-case and how I think it was different from other cases The Opera case was a case about relationship and reputation‚ it made the negotiation a little bit different. We discussed the case in a more open way and were really honest to each other‚ we also applied many of the things we had learnt from the book and classes. When I compared with other cases I could see how we negotiated in a less stressful way and did focus on the problem
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Woo: The Joy Luck Club In this chapter we are introduced to the Joy Luck Club which originated all the way back in China when Jing-Mei Woo ’s mother Suyuan was in the city of Kweilin. At the Joy Luck Club a group of old Chinese women sit around and eat and after that they sit down in a table to play a friendly game of Mah-Jong. At the Joy Luck Club there are 4 major members‚ Lindo Jong‚ Ying-ying St. Clair‚ An-Mei Hsu‚ and Suyuan Woo. In the beginning of the chapter we learn that Suyuan has died and
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Phantom Lake is something indescribable. Everyone has a moment where they come to realize why they love something so much‚ mine happened to be a week after my first week of camp. Only one week after leaving the place that I now call home I saw that every day things like seeing my friends or singing to a song on the radio would bring me back to my fantastic first week. Phantom has impacted me in a way that no other program or person has. Looking back to my LIT‚ no pun intended‚ weeks I have learned
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Ch.1 Vocabulary 1. Lagoon 2. Creeper 3. Startled 4. Flames 5. Scattered (about) 6. Asthma 7. Spectacles 8. Shimmering (water) 9. Dazzling (beach) 10. Giggle 11. Omened 12. Muttered 13. Conch 14. Eccentric (clothing) 15. Crumpled 16. Freckled Ch.1 Questions 1. How did the boys arrive on the island? The boys arrived on the island by the plane which crashed during a storm‚ killing all the adults on the plane‚ leaving a scar in the jungle. 2. How do Ralph’s and Piggy’s reactions differ when they know
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The science fiction film‚ Star Wars – The Phantom Menace is a film based on the movie series itself. The Phantom Menace is the first episode (movie) in the Star Wars trilogy. Some believe that it’s a vision of the future‚ using romance‚ action‚ and drama to illustrate Lucas’ future ideal design. Star Wars keeps the audience on their toes‚ leaving you anxious for what happens next. It was very exciting‚ and in some ways suspenseful. The way George Lucas structurally set up Star Wars makes it the iconic
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to mind was‚ “Can people that are born without limbs‚ still encounter phantom limbs?” I asked this question because one of the studies within the article described how the brain activity increased in participants when a fake hand was threatened (Macknik 20). The study was performed by Henry Ehrsson and his colleagues that the Institute of Neurology and the University of Oxford (Macknik 20). This study made me think of phantom limbs where people sense that their amputated or missing limb is still
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Chapter Summary I. The State and the Nation For an entity to be considered a state‚ four fundamental conditions must be met (although these legal criteria are not absolute): A state must have a territorial base. A stable population must reside within its borders‚. There should be a government to which this population owes allegiance. A state has to be recognized diplomatically by other states. A nation is a group of people who share a set of characteristics. At the core of the concept of a nation
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