making misstatement would conclude to fraud for bank loan. Therefore‚ influence the inherent risk is high. c)Forcing employees to improve sales and reduce the cost by CEO cannot maintain satisfactory levels. This brings incentive to overstate the sales revenue intentionally to cover profit growth. This could mean that they have conducted fraud by creating and increasing the sale revenue due to the inability to maintain satisfactory profit growth. Occurrence fraud can also increase inherent risk.
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each part relevant to the understanding of responsibility and liability in the company by the company management. Introduction- will provide some information in the relation to the financial information. Why do we need it and how it has been develop across the years? It will also provide the base understanding of why we need the financial report and how he affects the responsibility or the liability of the company management. Liability versus responsibility- will provide some basics understanding
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Chapter 8 Audit Planning and Analytical Procedures PLANNING Why auditor should properly plan engagements: a. To enable the auditor to obtain sufficient appropriate evidence for the circumstances b. To help keep audit costs reasonable c. To avoid misunderstanding with the clients Acceptable Audit Risk is a measure of how willing the auditor is to accept that the F/S may be materially misstated after the audit is completed and an unqualified opinion has been issued. When auditor decides on a lower
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the principal lines of Diesel are the main line: Diesel and Diesel Black Gold. Currently the head designer of Diesel‚ since October 2011‚ is Heikki Salonen. Diesel also has collaboration collections for footwear‚ underwear (US company Mast Industries Inc)‚ bags‚ eyewear (Safilo)‚ jewellery and watches (Fossil) and fragrances (L’Oréal). Diesel’ s headquarter is in Breganze‚ Italy where it manages 18 subsidiaries in Europe‚ Asia and America. Diesel is now present in more than 80 countries including more
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British Journal of Arts and Social Sciences ISSN: 2046-9578‚ Vol.8 No.I (2012) ©BritishJournal Publishing‚ Inc. 2012 http://www.bjournal.co.uk/BJASS.aspx Effectiveness of Internal Audit in Tanzanian Commercial Banks Dr.Jayalakshmy Ramachandran Asst. Professor‚ Nottingham University Business School‚ Seminyih‚ Malaysia‚ Email: jayalakshmy.rama@nottingham.edu.my 60386248779 Dr.Ramaiyer Subramanian ‚ Lecturer‚ Faculty of Business and Law‚ Multimedia University‚ Malaysia. Email: ramaiyer.subramaniam@mmu
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Contingent Liability 1. Analyze why a company would prefer not to disclose its contingent liabilities. In order to understand why a company would or would not disclose his contingent liabilities it is important to know exactly what a contingent liability is. As I have learned throughout all of my accounting studies a liability is simply an obligation or debt that a business owes to an individual or an organization. Now there are many liabilities that include services‚ payroll‚ notes‚ and
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Definitions (2) 1. An examination and verification of a company’s financial and accounting records and supporting documents by a professional‚ such as a Certified Public Accountant. 2. An audit is an IRS examination of an individual or corporation’s tax return‚ to verify its accuracy. There are three types of audits: correspondence audits (the IRS mails a request for additional information)‚ office audits (an interview is conducted at a local IRS office)‚ and field audits (an interview is conducted
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Question 1: i. Fixed Cost = ($660 + $770) x 3‚000 units = $4‚290‚000.00 Variable Cost = $550 + $825 + $420 + $275 = $2‚070 Total Variable Cost = $2‚070 x $3‚000 = $6‚210‚000.00 Unit Contribution Margin = Sales – Variable Cost = $4‚350 – $2‚070 = $2‚280 ii. Contribution Margin Ratio = Total Variable Cost Total Sales = $2‚280 x 3‚000 $4‚350 x 3‚000 = 0.524137 iii. Break even volume in units = Total Fixed Cost Unit Contribution Margin = $4
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DEFINITION OF AUDITING Auditing is described as the independent examination of and expression of an opinion on the financial statements of an enterprise by an appointed auditor in pursuance of that appointment and in compliance with any relevant statutory obligation. Thus auditing of information systems can be defined as independent examination of and expression of an opinion on the development‚ documentation and controls of information systems of an enterprise by an appointed auditor in pursuance
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ENRON CORPORATE FRAUD (2001) Submitted by: AMIT SHARMA PGDM (016)/09-11 What is FRAUD? In the broadest sense‚ a fraud is an intentional deception made for personal gain or to damage another individual. The specific legal definition varies by legal jurisdiction. Fraud is a crime‚ and is also a civil law violation. Many hoaxes are fraudulent‚ although those not made for personal gain are not technically frauds. Defrauding people of money is presumably the most common type of fraud‚ but there have
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