Civil Liability Civil Liability can be a problem for almost everyone in ever day life. Civil Liability impacts police officer ever day in their lives and at work. It can be defined as a citizen’s responsibility to each other and provided law suits to recover damages for injured caused by failing to carry out these responsibilities. It also very well can impact more than only police officers but anyone put in the situation to deal with the rights of people. Police Officers must always be aware
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THE ACCOUNTING REVIEW Vol. 77 Supplement 2002 pp. 175–202 Evidence from Auditors about Managers’ and Auditors’ Earnings Management Decisions Mark W. Nelson John A. Elliott Cornell University Robin L. Tarpley The George Washington University ABSTRACT: This paper reports analyses of data obtained using a field-based questionnaire in which 253 auditors from one Big 5 firm recalled and described 515 specific experiences they had with clients who they believe were attempting to manage earnings
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IABILITY 1 A THEORY OF VICARIOU S LIABILITY J.W . N EYERS * This article proposes a theory of vicarious liability which attempts to explain the central features and limitations of the doctrine. The main premise of the article is that the common law should continue to impose vicarious liability because it can co-exist with the current tort law regime that imposes liability for fault. The author lays out the central features of the doctrine of vicarious liability and examines why the leading rationales
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Products Liability 1. Construct a fact pattern [an example] to clearly delineate: a. A Manufacturing Defect: A car’s braking system that does not work properly and causes the driver to get into an accident. b. A Design Defect: A type of sunglasses that fail to protect the eyes from ultraviolet rays. c. A Marketing Defect: Prescription drugs advertised as “virtually non-toxic‚” “safe‚” and “free of significant side effects” when they are not. They failed to state
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Safeguard of auditor independence (i)Established An Audit Committee We support the given measure as Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002‚ Section 204 requires auditors reports to audit committee (www.sarbanes-oxley.com).First‚ such committee is independent non-executive directors provide auditors an independent point of reference than executive directors of the company. Second‚ it enhancing the independence of auditors by provides a direct channel of communication between top management and the auditors. As such
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a. There are three ways of managing reported earnings and the reasons behind each way may be different. (1) Report lower earnings. Managers intend to report lower earnings for mainly three reasons. Firstly‚ they want to hide profit for future use. In some years‚ the company presents a strong performance and has earned huge profit; however the manager may worry that the company’s future performance would not be as strong as current year‚ which gives them the incentive to save the profit by reporting
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Public Interest Litigation (PIL) PIL in broad terms means litigation filed in a court of law for the protection of “Public Interest” on the wide variety of subjects concerning citizens. The history: Public Interest Litigation popularly known as PIL can be broadly defined as litigation in the interest of that nebulous entity: the public in general. Prior to 1980s‚ only the aggrieved party could personally knock the doors of justice and seek remedy for his grievance and any other person who
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company’s accounting fraud of the Causes and Prevention [ABSTRACT] from the analysis of accounting Information distortion that is illegal‚ because the accounting fraud‚ manifestations and hazards start to analyze the accounting fraud of China’s listed companies the motivation to find out the real causes of the accounting fraud‚ and through drawing and learn from foreign countries in the prevention and treatment of accounting fraud experience‚ to present my accounting fraud prevention
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Abstract In light of a number of high-profile corporate failures during the first half of 2001‚ a number of studies have been performed to address the impact of mandatory rotation of audit firms to ensure the appropriate level of independence ’ of auditors. Majority of studies conclude that the detrimental effects of firm rotation on the quality of the audit work by far outweigh its positive effects as a safeguard against various independence and quality threats. Frequent changes of audit firms
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Tim Kohlhaas 12/8/14 ACC322 This particular financial accounting standards statement sets up the foundation for reporting and accounting for loss contingencies. A contingent liability is a potential liability that might‚ or might not happen in the future. For example this could be a lawsuit‚ a product warranty‚ a possible tax assessment‚ a government investigation‚ or even an environmental contamination. A contingent liability and the associated loss are recorded as a journal entry only if the
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