Homologous Chromosomes and Sister Chromatids (HC and SC): Clearly distinguish between HC and SC pairs. Your answer should include the following: a clear distinction between ‘chromatin’ and ‘chromosome’‚ and how this difference affects gene expression; simple line diagrams to illustrate the difference between non-replicated and replicated DNA inchromatin and chromosome forms; afull description of both HC and SC with a labeled diagram that includes gene/allele sequences for a heterozygote and ‘m’
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that a phenotypic ratio of 3/4 to 1/4 is what you expect from a monohybrid cross between two heterozygous parents (Ww x Ww). Note that the second cross (to a yellow-fruited plant) is a testcross (a cross beetween an individual with the dominant phenotype and a homozygous recessive parent). The progeny expected from such a cross (Ww x ww) are: 1/2 white (Ww) : 1/2 yellow (ww) 9. In cattle the polled (hornless) condition (P) is dominant over the
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region and establishes a whole new population. This new population has no interbreeding action with the parent group but with different groups. This leads to a different allele frequency and speciation. The new population has different genotype and phenotype from the parent
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Christopher Kruzel Bios 221 April 4‚ 2012 Drosophila Introduction The fruit fly or Drosophila melanogaster is ideal for classroom experiments. They are inexpensive‚ easy to nap‚ breed‚ as well as observe. It was very important to be able to tell the male and female flies apart from one another. The males are known to be usually smaller in size than the female flies and have bristles on their forelegs while the females lack this appearance. Also the males have a black or dark round end whereas
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Darker eye color genes are more dominant than lighter eye color genes. Each parent can only give one gene from each trait. The father inherited a brown eye gene and a blue eye gene. However‚ the father passed down the brown eye gene to its offspring. The mother inherited a green eye gene and a blue eye gene. Based on evidence‚ one can come to the conclusion that the mother will pass a green eye gene to the offspring. As a result‚ the offspring will have a brown a gene and a green eye gene.
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success to increase in numbers. Directional selection is when natural selection favors a specific phenotype over the other. Stabilizing selection is when natural selections tries to favor an intermediate phenotype‚ therefore‚ the extreme’s are targeted towards the two species. Disruptive selection is when natural selection favors both phenotypes and typically eliminates the middle phenotype; hence‚ you end up with 2 different species. fitness The relative likelihood that a genotype will
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following statements about Mendel’s breeding experiments is correct? a. None of the parental (P) plants were true-breeding. b. All of the F2 progeny showed a phenotype that was intermediate between the two parental (P) phenotypes. c. Half of the F1 progeny had the same phenotype as one of the parental (P) plants‚ and the other half had the same phenotype as the other parent. d. All of the F1 progeny resembled one of the parental (P) plants‚ but only some of the F2 progeny did. e. none of the above 4. What
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“over-napping”. Remove the flies by inverting the vial and placing the adult F1 flies in the “morgue” (a jar containing alcohol or baby oil). Then close the vial and allow it to sit for another 12-15 days. 7. After 12-15 days have passed‚ record the sex and phenotype of all adult flies. As described in steps 1-3 Flynap will be used to anesthetize the flies before they are removed from the vials to be put into petri dishes for counting. Once all of the flies have been counted and recorded‚ place them into the
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Glioblastoma (GBM) and the relationship with cancer stem cells Cancer stem cells may originate from normal stem cells‚ progenitor cells or from differentiated cells that revert to a stem-like phenotype. Under certain pressures such as therapy induce pressure the cell stems will potentiate the production of new cells that can be inherently resistance to the treatment that would be used4 . Cancer stem cell is known to have the ability to self-renew and maintain the tumor. Laboratory research have shown
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Functional groups are usually atomic groups that occur naturally within the organic molecule. They convene chemical properties to the perspective particle. Each organic molecule type hold a specific type of functional group. Functional groups in different biological molecules play a significant role in the bio-molecules formation such as protein‚ DNA‚ sugars‚ amino acids‚ lipids and carbohydrates. Functional groups include the carbonyl‚ methyl‚ hydroxyl‚ amino‚ phosphate‚ and sulfhydryl. These are
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