PHILISOPHICAL INQUIRY: What is philosophy? “The love of wisdom.” Metaphysics: the theory of reality. What is real? Epistemology: the theory of knowledge. What does it mean to “know?” Value-theory: the study of value. What gives something value...over something else? Logic: The principles of right reasoning. What principles do we use? All of these do not stand independent from each other...they all mix. September 25: Abstractions: CH9 Is Fido an abstraction? Dog is a category
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Philosophical anthropology The study of human nature conducted by the methods of philosophy * the nature and essential characteristics of man * the status of human beings in the universe * the purpose or meaning of human life * whether humanity can be made an object of systematic study? Philosophical anthropology was formed by the Western European and primarily German philosophy in the first half of the 20th century Its central concern is the difference between the human and
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(The view‚ which involves the idea that we have no good reason to believe that our perceptions of the world are veridical‚ is called external world skepticism. ) External World Skepticism is the thesis that we cannot know what the world outside of our minds is like. Here are two hypotheses: Hypothesis1: the external world causes us to have veridical experience. For example‚ a tree causes me to have an experience of a tree when I look at it. These experiences are veridical. (This hypothesis
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skeptics‚ and in my opinion‚ we must all strive to become more like them. Even though society views skepticism as a negative quality‚ it is the road to progress. It helps us‚ our community‚ and future generations. It helps you find the reason for something and think beyond the walls society has built for you. It lets your mind roam freely and identify problems or cracks in those walls. Skepticism has many purposes. One of them is helping you become a more cultural‚ refined and open-minded individual
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Skepticism and The Matrix What is skepticism? Skepticism to me is not knowing or being able to trust anything. However‚ that was my original opinion‚ now going through and from what I’ve learned and read‚ I believe that skepticism is a doubting of claims in which are set forth in various areas‚ along with what I mentioned above. Having knowledge of an outside world is basically believing that waking life is but a dream‚ and there is something beyond what we are experiencing now‚ that there is a
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Augustine and Skepticism Augustine explained the act of doubting‚ which is knowledge claims set forth in various areas and asking what they are based upon‚ what they actually establish‚ and whether they are indubitable or necessarily true (Moore & Bruder‚ 2011 p. 81). Total skepticism is that nothing can be for a fact known‚ and total skeptics suspend judgment in all matters. Modified skepticism is when there is no doubt that at least a few things can be known‚ but modified skeptics deny or
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full of deceit. To do this‚ he demolishes all of his prior knowledge to the foundations and rebuild. He is searching for one principle in life to be completely true no matter what. He is looking for that one certainty‚ that is free of any skepticism. Skepticism is like a nagging voice in the back of one’s mind‚ always telling them to doubt and question‚ to find everything that could be considered false. It makes one question even the simplest of things. Descartes uses two parts of his personality
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Skepticism is essential to the pursuit of the scientific method. However‚ a balanced use of it is also necessary. Too much skepticism would make it very difficult for a scientist to arrive at a conclusion. Too little skepticism and said scientist would agree too readily with a proposed conclusion. Charles Lewontin‚ in his book The Doctrine of DNA: Biology as Ideology‚ lays out a case for why it is reasonable to be skeptical of science. I agree that the practice of science is largely controlled by
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I believe that Foundationalism has a better chance of dealing with Mike’s case about skepticism. Foundationalism can prove everything based on facts and evidence. For example‚ in the story a skeptic could say‚ “how do you know that what we experience is real?” and a foundationalist will keep giving reasons such as the fact that we are talking right now‚ and so on. In relation to the story‚ one might say‚ “how do you know that Mike’s brain isn’t in a vat?” and the foundationalist replies by using
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Of the five topics we covered through this assignment‚ the one topic I feel that the topic of Hume and Skepticism best answers questions of Epistemology. Hume’s ideas are much like connecting what we experience to our senses. He says that the contents of the mind are senses and experiences. We receive impressions from our senses such as colour‚ emotions‚ what we feel‚ hate‚ love‚ etc. Our ideas are what we reflect on from our impressions. Ideas are copies of impressions. We can only receive genuine
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