Descartes’ sixth meditation in Meditation on First Philosophy sets out to prove the existence of material objects through the faculties of imagination and senses. To clarify‚ a faculty is the inherent power of the mind and body; thereupon‚ clear and distinct ideas are created. Clear and distinct ideas‚ however‚ are valid through pure understanding or the intellect. The intellect is a critical property of truth that any faulty and differentiate from all other faulty. As a result of confirming his
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Descartes was the first mathematician to use the notation where the letters at the beginning of the alphabet represent data and the letters at the end of the alphabet to represent variables or unknowns. Descartes’ understanding of algebra was deep. He stated that the number of distinct roots of an equation is equal to the degree of the equation. Descartes was willing to consider negative (he called them false roots) and imaginary roots. He developed a rule for determining the number of positive
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Sofiya Andreyeva Philosophy- Professor Douglas March 13th‚ 2012 Midterm Essay #1 The nature of inquiry is not one that is uncommon to the human race. From the very origin of philosophy‚ the term for the “love of wisdom”‚ individuals have spent countless hours contemplating the most essential and critical matters before them. These individuals have made substantial attempts to explain reasoning behind the functioning of earthly matters‚ and by virtue of their study‚ they have come to be known as
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Nietzsche argues master and slave morality to differentiate between “good” and “bad”. Since there is “good” and “bad”‚ there is punishment in relative to that relationship which is also explained by Nietzsche. This essay is a reconstruction of slave’s morality and its relation to Nietzsche’s ideas of punishment. Also‚ there will be an alternative strategy for punishment mention by consulting what is the good in life. In Nietzsche’s first essay‚ he discusses the difference between “good” and “evil”
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forgiveness in him and for they even ask him to give them happiness. So when most people hear the phrase “God is dead” they laugh it off and continue with their day. But this gave birth to a new worldview in which God is not at the center. Friedrich Nietzsche is the one who coined the phrase in his text “The Madman”. This worldview describes that once we realize that God is dead and that we are the ones who killed him‚ we will pave the way for a better future for the generations to come. When the madman
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Descartes’ First Meditation attempts to prove that everything can be called into doubt. However‚ his Cogito argument in his Second Meditation is successful in proving that we can know at least one thing for certain. In his First Meditations‚ Descartes begins a quest to establish a firm foundation for philosophy. To do this‚ he must demolish his opinions and start with a clean state. Descartes attempts to undermine the foundation behind all of his beliefs. He believes that if something can be doubted
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Apology is a public speech; Crtio is a private speech • Socrates ○ was the first philosopher concerned with human affairs (ethics‚ morality) ○ Socrates originally devoted his time to science ○ Later abandoned science and shifted attention to ethics-philosophy ○ Never wrote anything; so how do we know anything about him? Because of: § Plato § Xenophon § Aristophanes (Clouds)- accuser ○ Plato is the mouth piece of Socrates in most cases § But not verbatim; a lie in such
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Friedrich Nietzsche and Mahatma Gandhi‚ two mammoth political figures of their time‚ attack the current trend of society. Their individual philosophies and concepts suggest a fundamental problem: if civilization is so diseased‚ can we overcome this state of society and the sickness that plagues the minds of the masses in order to advance? Gandhi and Nietzsche attain to answer the same proposition of sickness within civilization‚ and although the topic of unrest among both may be dissimilar‚ they
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Friedrich Nietzsche’s essay in On the Genealogy of Morals explores the origins and meaning to different moral concepts. Nietzsche does not believe that moral values are given; rather they emerge under certain conditions‚ promoting the survival and growth of a particular group of people. The way Nietzsche describes morality as “the slave revolt in morality began with resentment itself becomes creative and gives birth to values: the ressentiment of natures that are denied the true reaction‚ that of
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Descartes‚ sometimes called the founder of modern philosophy‚ attempts to use the method‚ set forth by Galileo‚ to lay the foundation for Philosophy. “He also looked to defeat skepticism on its own ground” (Kemerling). His cogito argument is significant because it is the foundation for his philosophical thinking and the first solid truth after emptying the basket of apples. His evil demon and dreaming doubt arguments are part of his method of doubt and his reasoning for starting philosophical reasoning
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