Anna Powell 2nd I.Title: Acid-Base Titrations AP Chemistry Laboratory #6 II.Purpose: The purpose of this experiment is to standardize a sodium hydroxide solution and use the standard solution to titrate an unknown solid acid. The equivalent mass of the solid acid will be determined from the volume of sodium hydroxide added at the equivalence point. The equilibrium constant‚ Ks‚ of the solid acid will be calculated from the titration curve obtained by plotting the pH of the solution versus
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BUFFERS By: Luis P. Bazan‚ RPh.‚ Ph.D. A buffer solution is a solution of: 1. A weak acid or a weak base and 2. The salt of the weak acid or weak base Both must be present! A buffer solution has the ability to resist changes in pH upon the addition of small amounts of either acid or base. Consider an equal molar mixture of CH3COOH and CH3COONa CH3COOH (aq) H+ (aq) + CH3COO- (aq) Adding more acid creates a shift left IF enough acetate ions are present 16.3 Which of the following
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dew‚ or dry particles. • more accurate term is "acid precipitation." • defined as any type of precipitation with a pH that is unusually low The Causes: • occurs when sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are emitted into the atmosphere‚ undergo chemical transformations and are absorbed by water droplets in clouds • then fall to earth as rain‚ snow‚ mist‚ dry dust‚ hail‚ or sleet. • Dissolved carbon dioxide dissociates to form weak carbonic acid giving a pH of approximately 5.6 at typical atmospheric
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Acid Base And Salt Acid Acids:- The word ‘Acid’ came from Latin word ‘Acidus or Acere’ which means sour. Sour taste is the most common characteristic of acid. Acid turns blue litmus paper red. There are many substances which contain acid and hence taste sour‚ such as curd‚ tamarind‚ lemon‚ etc. Types of Acids:- Acids are divided into two types on the basis of their occurrence – Natural acids and Mineral acids. Natural Acid:- Acids which are obtained from natural sources are called natural
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CHE 235 Lab 10/30/14 Scale-up Synthesis and Characterization of Butyl 2-Cyano-3-(3‚5-dichloro-phenyl)-2-propenoate‚ TSE Project #131 Introduction: This report describes the steps taken to create the scale-up of targeted trisubstituted ethylene‚ Butyl 2-Cyano-3-(3‚5-dichloro-phenyl)-2-propenoate compound (#131)‚ and also the characterization methods deployed to the results. This report serves as a critical step in the overall objective of the project; the synthesis of the copolymer. The overall
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to practice common organic laboratory techniques inside the lab to get one oriented to the basic methods of procedure that can be used for later experiments. This experiment involves the separation of benzoic acid from a more crude form‚ consisting of benzoic acid‚ methyl orange‚ a common acid/base indicator‚ and cellulose‚ a natural polymer of glucose (Huston‚ and Liu 17-24). The technique that is used to perform this separation is called extraction. Extraction is a systematic process of separating
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reaction was completed‚ purification of the product was conducted using semi-microscale recrystallization. The melting point of the product was 136-141 oC‚ which is in the close vicinity of the literature melting point of 146 oC. The theoretical yield of 3-nitrochalcone was 0.253g and the yield after filtration was 0.22g (percent yield of 86.9%). The percent yield after recrystallization‚ was 80.9%. INTRODUCTION The goal of this experiment was the synthesis of 3-nitrochalcone from 3-nitrobenzaldehyde
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787122 Received 3 October 2002/Accepted 21 November 2002 Downloaded from http://aem.asm.org/ on June 6‚ 2013 by UNIVERSITY OF DELHI Despite their commercial importance‚ there are relatively few facile methods for genomic manipulation of the lactic acid bacteria. Here‚ the lactococcal group II intron‚ Ll.ltrB‚ was targeted to
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Synthesis of Isopentyl Acetate Abstract Isopentyl acetate was synthesized via a Fischer Esterification and purified via simple distillation. The yield was determined to be 25%. The identity and purity of the product was confirmed by comparison of the measured ultra-micro boiling point (140°C) to the published value (142°C).1 Chemical Equation Procedure Isopentyl alcohol (0.787 g‚ 1.2 mL‚ 8.93 mmol)‚ acetic acid (1.574 g‚ 1.5 mL‚ 26.20 mmol)‚ and sulfuric acid (0.368
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Introduction Esters are in a lot of natural products like flowers‚ spices and fruits. They are usually used in artificial flavorings. Carboxylic esters help amplify the sensory effect of esters. Isopentyl acetate is made from the direct esterification of acetic acid and isopentyl alcohol. The direct esterification of acetic acid and isopentyl alcohol is an equilibrium reaction that shifts the product to the side by using the excess of one of the starting reagents. Acetic acid usually used in excess because it
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