Summary of Chapter 11 Material SN2 Reaction Substrate: NO SN2 ON A TERTIARY HALOALKANE!! order of reactivity is as follows: Methyl > 1 > 2 Sterically less hindered substrates have faster rates in SN2 Nucleophile: If the reacting atom is the same in a series‚ nucleophilicity parallels basicity (i.e. -OH > -OCH3 > -OCH2CH3 > H2O) For the halogens in GAS PHASE: F- > Cl- > Br- > IFor the halogens in SOLUTION: I- > Br- > Cl- > F- (due to solvation of nucleophile‚ rendering it inactive) Negatively
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Fund Flow Statements Meaning of Fund Fund Flow Statement is widely used tool in the hands of financial executives for analyzing the financial performance of a concern. Funds keep on moving in a business which itself is based on a going concern concept. In broader sense‚ the term “fund” refers to money values in whatever form it may exits. Meaning of Flow of Fund The term ‘Flow’ means change. Thus flow of fund means change in fund or change in working capital. Flow of fund is said to have taken
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typically triethyleneglycol dimethacrylate‚ or TEGDMA‚ is added to reduce the viscosity. Another disadvantage of using bis-GMA is that it absorbs light‚ which could possibly lead to color changes. Knowing this‚ the compound‚ 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy benzophenone‚ is added to the matrix to keep light from being absorbed and prevent the discoloration. Since bis-GMA is capable of polymerizing spontaneously under normal storage conditions‚ polymerization inhibitors are added to the matrix. The most common
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Separation of the Components of a Mixture Purpose: To become familiar with the methods of separating substances from one another using decantation‚ extraction‚ and sublimation techniques. Apparatis and Chemicals: balance‚ Bunsen burner‚ rubber hose‚ tongs‚ 2 evaporating dishes‚ 2 watch glasses‚ 100-mL graduated cylinder‚ clay triangles‚ 2 ring stands‚ 2 iron rings‚ 2 glass stirring rods‚ unknown mixture of NaCl‚ NH4Cl‚ SiO2. Discussion: Mixtures are composed of two or more substances
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Renaissance‚ and was commonly used by artists to assist with drawing and painting. Strangely enough‚ many people feared this device and associated it with sorcery‚ and very few artists publicly conceded that they used it. Major advancements in photochemistry
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Issue: The ASRS system that Jack has chosen is expensive and also would pull personnel from other projects to work on the integration of the new system Jack and Warren were having a discussion about simplifying‚ eliminating‚ automating and integrating and what the ASRS would do for the distribution facilities. Now Jack was looking into the future and how with having this new ASRS and how much quicker it would be than with the current system that they have for the picking. Then he said that he would
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Chemistry S-20 Week 1 Alkenes: Isomers and Nomenclature 1. There are 6 unique alkene isomers of the hydrocarbon C5H10. Draw each of these isomers‚ and provide a systematic name for each. 1-pentene (E)-2-pentene (Z)-2-pentene 2-methyl-1-butene 2-methyl-2-butene 3-methyl-1-butene 2. For the three alkenes above which are various isomers of pentene‚ rank them in order of stability. Explain your ranking. most stable (more subst. double bond) less stable (cis alkene is
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STIEGLITZ‚ Alfred -- Father of Modern Photography Alfred Stieglitz was an influential photographer who spent his life fighting for the recognition of photography as a valid art form. He was a pioneering photographer‚ editor and gallery owner who played pivotal role in defining and shaping modernism in the United States. (Barr 23). He took pictures in a time when photography was considered as only a scientific curiosity and not an art. As the controversy over the art value of photography
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In the reaction mechanism‚ the alpha hydroxyketone’s hydroxylic group attacks the positively charged nitrogen from nitric acid attaching it to the molecule. The nitrogen’s electrons are then kicked off on to the oxygen bearing a positive charge‚ creating water. This process formed an organic nitrate. Next‚ water is used to abstract hydrogen from the positively charged oxygen‚ forming hydronium. A carbonyl is formed as well as nitrogen dioxide gas. Simultaneously the oxygen separates itself from nitrogen
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Many scientific‚ military‚ medical and commercial laser applications have been developed since the invention of the laser in the 1958. The coherency‚ high monochromaticity‚ and ability to reach extremely high powers are all properties which allow for these specialized applications. Scientific In science‚ lasers are used in many ways‚ including: A wide variety of interferometric techniques Raman spectroscopy Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy Atmospheric remote sensing Investigating nonlinear
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