What is Chemistry? Chemistry is the study of matter and energy and the interactions between them. This is also the definition for physics‚ by the way. Chemistry and physics are specializations of physical science. Chemistry tends to focus on the properties of substances and the interactions between different types of matter‚ particularly reactions that involve electrons. Physics tends to focus more on the nuclear part of the atom‚ as well as the subatomic realm. Really‚ they are two sides of the
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Asymmetric Catalysis in Intramolecular Reactions of α-Diazoketones. Abstract: Carbon-hydrogen insertion reactions involve the insertion of a carbene‚ a neutral carbon atom or molecule with two unpaired valence electrons‚ into an unactivated carbon-hydrogen bond. This reaction produces many commercially valuable compounds. The reaction itself involves the use of diazocarbonyl compounds which contain an N2 ligand on a carbon alpha to a carbonyl. The reaction is thermodynamically favourable as it involves
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Reactions i) Electrocyclic ii) Cycloaddition and cycloreversion iii) Sigmatropic 2) Rearrangements i) Ring expansion ii) Carbocation rearrangements iii) Pinacol‚ dienone-phenol‚ benzilic acid‚ Favorskii‚ etc. 3 CA - Quiz Quiz 1 (week 7‚ 1 hour) – Revision of fundamental organic chemistry – Sigmatropic‚ electrocyclic‚ everything up to week 6. Quiz 2 (week 11‚ 1 hour) – Pericyclic reactions and rearrangements 4 Revision Important topics include but not limited to:1) Structure of molecules
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phosphorylation & oxidative phosphorylation(from cellular respiration)‚ even photophosphorylation(from photosnthesis). The photosnthetic process involves many fields of science. The fields the process is involved in are Photobiology (in the branch of Photochemistry)‚ Plant biology‚ & Quantum Physics. There are many scientists who studied photosynthesis by doing certain experiments‚ here are a few examples. Jan Baptista van Helmont‚ a Flemish chemist & physicist‚ grew a willow tree in 5 years. Joseph Priestly
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H2O group leaves‚ then allowing a halide (such as Br) to attack the positively charged reagent1. On the other hand‚ SN2 reactions are one-step mechanism in which no intermediate is formed and the halide attaches as the leaving group detaches1. Rearrangements of the product are possible during the SN1 mechanisms‚ but not for SN2 mechanisms. This lab will examine the reaction of 1-propanol and 2-pentanol with NaBr in H2SO4‚ in which the H2O acts as the leaving group and Br as the attaching nucleophile
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All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE) vested with statutory powers by virtue of the AICTE Act 1987‚ in pursuance of its clause 10(2) has main objective of bringing about uniformity in the curriculum of engg. in hundreds of technical institutions/universities spreading across the country . With this view‚ the AICTE has formulated a model curriculum / guidelines /regulations at the level prepared by All India Board of UG Studies in E&T with working groups composed of experts from leading
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A carbohydrate is an organic compound that consists only of carbon‚ hydrogen‚ and oxygen‚ usually with a hydrogen:oxygen atom ratio of 2:1 (as in water); in other words‚ with the empirical formula Cm(H2O)n. The carbohydrates (saccharides) are divided into four chemical groupings: monosaccharides‚ disaccharides‚ oligosaccharides‚ and polysaccharides. In general‚ the monosaccharides and disaccharides‚ which are smaller (lower molecular weight) carbohydrates‚ are commonly referred to as sugars.
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Abstract The process of photosynthesis can be summarized as the photoautotroph consumption of carbon compounds as food and release of oxygen compounds as waste. The methods to measure the rate of photosynthesis are various. One method utilizes CO2 sensors to measure photoautotrophs CO2 intake under various luminescent environments. An elementary method utilizes H2O and NaHCO3 (Sodium Bicarbonate) for submersion of deoxygenized photoautotroph specimens to measure the release rate of oxygen compounds
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Habituation of Exploratory Behavior in Rats Regarding Spatial Rearrangement of Familiar Objects in an Open Field Habituation of Exploratory Behavior in Rats Regarding Spatial Rearrangement of Familiar Objects in an Open Field Habituation is Although it might seem obvious that rats would habituate to an unfamiliar environment after repeated exposure‚ it is not as obvious how behavior would change as
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Exp.11) Identification of unknown ketones. Introduction: Given five samples of a known ketone derivative‚ the purpose of this experiment is to identify which unknown ketone derivative corresponds to the five known samples. In other words‚ using specific methods of compound detection‚ it is possible to match an unknown compound with a known compound because similar compounds will display similar characteristics. In this experiment‚ identification of the unknown ketone is accomplished through thin
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