photosystems and an electron transport chain. A photon from light strikes a pigment molecule in photosystem two‚ which excites one of its electrons to a higher energy state. This excited electron is then transferred to the primary electron acceptor. In order to replace the electron‚ enzymes catalyse the splitting of water‚ producing two electrons‚ two hydrogen ions and an oxygen atom. The electrons from
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The Big Bang theory states that all the matter that is in the universe was once in a very small amount of space with infinite temperature‚ pressure‚ and density. This theory is well supported and there are many reason for it’s support. One main reason is that no one really has a clue and The Big Bang Theory seems far fetched but more reasonable than any other ideas that there are out there. Some of the important thing to know about the big bang to understand are the beginning and the few seconds
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Chapter 18 1 Takusagawa’s Note© Chapter 18: Photosynthesis 1. CHLOROPLASTS - Photosynthesis is carried out at chloroplasts. Structure of chloroplast Outer membrane Stroma lamellae Inner membrane Thylakoid Chloroplast Granum Dark reaction Stroma Light reaction - Composition of innermembrane and granum membrane are unusual. - Phospholipid (negatively charged) ~10% - Neutral lipid (galactose) ~80% Photosynthesis occurs in two distinct phases: 1. Light reactions --- Generates
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B. C. D. E. They observed diffraction patterns from photons confirming that light had wave properties They observed diffraction patterns of electrons confirming that matter had wave properties Their experiment contradicted DeBroglie’s equation They observed standing wave patterns from electrons confirming the existence of orbitals None of the other four statements is true Page 1‚ v1 Chemistry 110 Midterm 1 October 11‚ 2005 6. A two-photon absorption transition is observed using a laser that
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principles [edit] Photochemistry [edit] Fluorescence occurs when an orbital electron of a molecule‚ atom or nanostructure relaxes to its ground state by emitting a photon of light after being excitedto a higher quantum state by some type of energy:[12] Excitation: [pic] Fluorescence (emission): [pic] here [pic] is a generic term for photon energy with h = Planck’s constant and [pic] = frequency of light. (The specific frequencies of exciting and emitted light are
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rays can be used to see deep into space‚ satellites use a process called the Compton scattering to catch the high energy photons by bouncing them of electrons so they lose energy and by catching these gamma ray photons it is possible to build up an image of deep space. This was first tried in 1961 by the Explorer XI satellite but it only succeeded in capturing fewer than 100 photons. In the early 1970’s gamma ray bursts were recorded being emitted from deep space‚ these bursts are incredibly powerful
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Cryptography is the science of converting data into a secret code to hide the meaning of the message during transmission. Cryptographic systems provide the following security services: • Confidentiality‚ by ensuring that only authorized parties can access data. • Integrity‚ by verifying that data has not been altered in transit. • Authentication‚ by proving the identity of the sender or receiver. • Non-repudiation‚ by validating that communications have come from a particular sender at a particular
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significant as it allows elements to be identified by their emission spectra. The online experiment with photo-electric effects displayed the effect light intensity and frequency has when photons are bounced against sodium metal. The analysis is expected to show that electrons will dislodge from the metal when photons hit it‚ adjusting the intensity and light frequency will affect the quantity of electrons dislodging from the sodium metal. A number of questions were answered backing up the analysis which
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causes amplification of incoming light. In semiconductor optical amplfiers (SOAs)‚ electron-hole recombination occurs. In Raman amplifiers‚ Raman scattering of incoming light with phonons in the lattice of the gain medium produces photons coherent with the incoming photons. Parametric amplifiers use parametric amplfication. Laser amplifiers Almost any laser active gain medium can be pumped to produce gain for light at the wavelength of a laser made with the same material as its gain medium. Such
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they have the ability to travel through empty space. A vacuum. These are the only types of waves that do not need any type of medium because of photons. Photons are tiny particles that don’t get traveled through‚ but make up electromagnetic waves. Photons travel with the wave at about 300‚000 k/s. also known as the speed of light. The more energy the photons have‚ the brighter the light will appear. The energy of electromagnetic waves are measured in the electromagnetic spectrum‚ a big graph showing
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