A transistor is a semiconductor device used to amplify and switch electronic signals and electrical power. It is composed of semiconductor material with at least three terminals for connection to an external circuit. A voltage or current applied to one pair of the transistor’s terminals changes the current flowing through another pair of terminals. Because the controlled (output) power can be higher than the controlling (input) power‚ a transistor can amplify a signal. Today‚ some transistors are
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Mass–energy equivalence From Wikipedia‚ the free encyclopediaJump to: navigation‚ search "E=MC2" redirects here. For other uses‚ see E=MC2 (disambiguation). 3-meter-tall sculpture of Einstein’s 1905 E = mc2 formula at the 2006 Walk of Ideas‚ Berlin‚ GermanyIn physics‚ mass–energy equivalence is the concept that the mass of a body is a measure of its energy content. In this concept the total internal energy E of a body at rest is equal to the product of its rest mass m and a suitable conversion
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Electromagnetic spectrum The electromagnetic spectrum is the range of all possible frequencies of electromagnetic radiation.[4] The "electromagnetic spectrum" of an object has a different meaning‚ and is instead the characteristic distribution of electromagnetic radiation emitted or absorbed by that particular object. The electromagnetic spectrum extends from below the low frequencies used for modern radio communication to gamma radiation at the short-wavelength (high-frequency) end‚ thereby covering
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Electromagnetic Waves Although you might not know it you’re constantly surrounded by thousands of electromagnetic waves every day. Sunlight and x-rays are only two types of electromagnetic waves‚ other types are: radio wave‚ infrared rays‚ ultra-violet rays and gamma rays Nature of an electromagnetic wave Electric and magnetic fields are not made up of matter. An electromagnetic wave consists of an electric and magnetic field and doesn’t need a medium to exist. They are the regions through
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Mammography: A special imaging method in diagnostic radiology Adam Purvis 1154987 Medical Physics 1E03 TA: Sarah McNeil Professor: Mic Farquharson Over the past two decades‚ mammography has become the central tool used to detect cancerous regions within the breast. This evolution has been enabled by advancements in the technology itself and its implementation into healthcare regulations of numerous countries around the world (Pisano et al.‚ 2004). In its beginning stages‚ breast cancer
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Case Analysis of Bob Knowlton By: Supriya Giri March 30‚ 2015 The case ‘Bob Knowlton’ revolves around a newly appointed project head for the photon unit‚ Bob Knowlton. Knowlton is very happy with the way things are going in his unit and his team up until a new comer Simon Fester enters the story who seems to be confident‚ brilliant and aggressive with his work approach. Knowlton reports to Dr. Jerrold who is the Director of research. The first thing that went wrong in this scenario was the way
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Question 2.1: (i) Calculate the number of electrons which will together weigh one gram. (ii) Calculate the mass and charge of one mole of electrons. * ------------------------------------------------- Answer (i) Mass of one electron = 9.10939 × 10–31 kg Number of electrons that weigh 9.10939 × 10–31 kg = 1 Number of electrons that will weigh 1 g = (1 × 10–3 kg) = 0.1098 × 10–3 + 31 = 0.1098 × 1028 = 1.098 × 1027 (ii) Mass of one electron = 9.10939 × 10–31 kg Mass of one mole of
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which atoms began to form as electrons came into orbit around protons and neutrons. It was at this point the universe also become more and more transparent‚ as previously the photons that had been created were exchanging energy with the fundamental particles. This could no longer take place so easily with atoms so the photons filled interstellar space in the form of almost a ’gas’. Over a period of 10 billion years this matter and energy coagulated into stars‚ galaxies and planets and continued to
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Microwaves can have a wavelength of 12 cm. A fire place can give off photons with a wavelength of 1.5 x 10-3 millimeters and the X-rays used in a dentist’s office have a wavelength of 2.1 x 10-11 meters. Ultraviolet rays‚ the ones that give you sunburn or fade the colors of clothes have a wavelength of about 3.0 x 10-7 meters. From this data‚ what can you conclude about the energy of a photon with respect to its wavelength? Ans: Photons given off by the fire place has the shortest wavelength of 1
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and longer than those of gamma rays. In many languages‚ X-radiation is called Röntgen radiation‚ after Wilhelm Röntgen‚ who is usually credited as its discoverer‚ and who had named it X-radiation to signify an unknown type of radiation. X-rays with photon energies above 5-10 keV (below 0.2-0.1 nm wavelength) are called hard X-rays‚ while those with lower energy are called soft X-rays.Due to their penetrating ability hard X-rays are widely used to image the inside of objects‚ e.g. in medical radiography and airport
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