Below are a list of concepts and ideas you need to know for the first Bio 100/107 Test Chapter 1: What is the organizational hierarchy? What is each level? What are emergent properties? At what level does life emerge? Organisms interact with the environment: energy and atoms Unity explains that cells have several common features. What are those features? What is diversity? How does Evolution mediated by Natural Selection explain Unity and Diversity? Chapter 2: Life is composed of atoms
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absorb it. 2. List two variables besides the wavelength (color) of light which might affect the rate of food production in plants. Light intensity and carbon dioxide 3. Why is chlorophyll important for all biological life? It is necessary for photosynthesis which creates food for plants which is food for animals. 4. A. In Part I of the procedure‚ what is the name of the indicator used to identify the presence of CO2? Phenol Red 4. B. What color did the indicator turn after blowing air into the
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4. Describe how prokaryotes carry out photosynthesis and cellular respiration when they lack compartmentalized organelles such as chloroplasts and mitochondria. The area of cellular respiration in prokaryotes is the respiratory membrane. For aerobic prokaryote the infoldings of the plasma membrane are similar to the cristae of mitochondria‚ whose purpose in eukaryotic cells is cellular respiration. In photosynthetic prokaryotes‚ the area responsible for cellular respiration is the thylakoid membrane
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Characteristics that uniquely identify plants: they are autotrophic‚ non-motile‚ they are photosynthetic‚ contain chloroplast‚ perform alternation of generations‚ plants are deciduous or evergreen‚ and the type of leaf and stem structure they have (http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_characteristics_do_all_plants_share). Most plants are autotrophic‚ meaning they are capable of producing their own food and nutrients themselves‚ synthesizing their own food from inorganic substances‚ by using light or
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Within the thylakoid membranes of the chloroplast‚ are two photosystems. Photosystem I optimally absorbs photons of a wavelength of 700 nm. Photosystem II optimally absorbs photons of a wavelength of 680 nm. The numbers indicate the order in which the photosystems were discovered‚ not the order of electron transfer. Under normal conditions electrons flow from PSII through cytochrome bf (a membrane bound protein analogous to Complex III of the mitochondrial electron transport chain) to PSI. Photosystem
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Today photosynthesis is widely known across the globe‚ and with all of its reactions. It is often broken into two steps: the “light” reactions and the “dark” reactions. Both of these reactions are fundamental to the process of photosynthesis‚ and photosynthesis is vital for plants to survive. Because plants are the main energy source for organisms on Earth‚ and without them‚ we could not survive‚ photosynthesis is extremely important in the study of life‚ biology. Without Melvin Calvin‚ however‚
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For example‚ rose bushes and humans are highly complex organisms‚ made up of cells that are specialized in their form and function. For example‚ rose bushes contain cells that house chloroplasts. Without chloroplasts‚ the rose bush would not be able to synthesize its own food. Humans‚ on the other hand‚ have cells that carry oxygen‚ produce special chemicals (such as insulin)‚ and protect our bodies from invaders. Although different cells perform
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Cytoskeleton: | Present | May be absent | DNA wrapping on proteins.: | Yes | No | Ribosomes: | larger | smaller | Vesicles: | Present | Present | Golgi apparatus: | Present | Absent | Mitosis: | Yes | No---but has binary fission | Chloroplasts: | Present (in plants) | Absent; chlorophyll scattered in the cytoplasm | Flagella: | Microscopic in size; membrane bound; usually arranged as nine doublets surrounding two singlets | Submicroscopic in size‚ composed of only one fiber | Permeability
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Chapter 1 * animal Multicelled consumer with unwalled cells; develops through a series of stages and moves about during part or all of the life cycle. * archaean Member of a group of single-celled microorganisms that superficially resemble bacteria‚ but are genetically and structurally distinct. * atom Particle that is a fundamental building block of all matter. * bacterium Single-celled organism belonging to the Domain Bacteria; cells are typically walled and do not
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[pic] Cells and Their Organelles The cell is the basic unit of life. The following is a glossary of animal cell terms. All cells are surrounded by a cell membrane. The cell membrane is semipermeable‚ allowing some substances to pass into the cell and blocking others. It is composed of a double layer of phospholipids and embedded proteins. Color and label the cell membrane tan. Plant cells have an additional layer surrounding them called the cell wall. The cell wall is made of nonliving
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