this process‚ also known as photosynthesis to happen it involves three different pigments that give the leaves their color. Trees are autotrophs; this means that they make their own food. The leaves obtain water through their roots‚ but also they need sunlight‚ carbon dioxide‚ and chlorophyll. Chlorophyll is the pigment that gives leaves their green color and makes photosynthesis happen. Without photosynthesis or chlorophyll the leaves would stay the same‚ Photosynthesis (which means putting together
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Chapter 5 The Working Cell Energy • Capacity to do work • Types of energy – – – – Kinetic energy – energy of motion Potential energy – stored energy Thermal energy - heat Chemical energy - potential energy of molecules • Thermodynamics – Study of energy Oxidation-Reduction Reactions • When an atom or molecule loses an electron‚ it is said to be oxidized – process called oxidation • When an atom or molecule gains an electron‚ it is said to be reduced – process called reduction
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the structures are called stomata.[1] Leaf transpiration occurs through stomata‚ and can be as a necessary "cost" associated with many processes such as the opening of the pistil and allowing the diffusion of carbon dioxide gas from the air for photosynthesis. Transpiration also cools plants and enables mass flow of mineral nutrients and water from roots to shoots. Water is absorbed at the roots by osmosis‚ and any dissolved mineral nutrients travel with it through the xylem. The rate of transpiration
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OXIDIZE another molecule 1. NAD+ - oxidizes glucose to 2 pyruvate in glycolysis‚ oxidizes pyruvate to CO2 in the Kreb’s cycle (gets reduced to NADH) 2. NADP+- oxidizes H2O to O2 during the Light Dependent Reactions of photosynthesis‚ final electron acceptor from chlorophyll (PSI) (gets reduced to NADPH) 3. FAD+- oxidizes NADH to NAD during glycolysis and transported to the mitochondrion (gets reduced to FADHs) ii. Reducing Agents: are OXIDIZED to REDUCE
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Name: ________________________ Class: ___________________ Date: __________ ID: A GENERAL BIOLOGY PRACTICE MIDTERM TEST 2010-2011 Multiple Choice: Identify the choice that completes the statement or answers the question. ____ 1. The work of scientists usually begins with a. testing a hypothesis. b. careful observations. c. d. creating experiments. drawing conclusions. ____ 2. What is the term for all parts of Earth inhabited by living things? a. population b. ecosystem c. biosphere
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energy of the Sun to produce usable forms of energy • photosynthesis- the process by which producers use solar energy to convert CO2 and water into glucose. • cellular respiration- the process by which cells convert glucose and oxygen into energy‚ carbon dioxide‚ and water. • Consumers/ Heterotrophs- An organism that must obtain its energy by consuming other organisms • primary consumers-an individual incapable of photosynthesis; must obtain energy by consuming other organisms
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There are many differences between photosynthesis and cellular respiration. Photosynthesis requires energy as photons. Cellular respiration supplies energy in the form of ATP. In photosynthesis‚ electron transport occurs in the membranes of chloroplasts or thylakoid discs. Cellular respiration takes place in the membranes of mitochondria. In photosynthesis‚ water breaks down to supply 2 electrons and 2 Hydrogen ions and release ½ O at the beginning of the chain. In cellular respiration‚ 2 electrons
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are large cytoplasmic organelles. Plastids are major organelles found in the cells of plants and algae. Plastids are the site of manufacture and storage of important chemical compounds used by the cell. Plastids often contain pigments used in photosynthesis‚ and the types of pigments present can change or determine the cell’s colour. The term plastid was derived from the Greek word plastikas meaning formed or moulded. This term was coined by Schimper in 1885. In plants‚ plastids may differentiate
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sustainable energy source? One process is photosynthesis. In plants‚ cells called chloroplasts collect energy from the sun and use water and carbon dioxide (photosynthesis) to make sugars.1 Light energy (called photons) hit single chlorophyll pigments in the cells of the plant leaves. 2 Photoautotrophs is the term used for plants that create energy out of sunlight. Plants that do not use the sun’s energy are called chemoautotrophs.3 For photosynthesis to begin a few conditions must be met; enough
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organisms need to survive. Carbon is the basic building block of all living things. It moves through an ecosystem in a cycle called the carbon cycle. In this cycle carbon in the atmosphere is known as carbon dioxide. Plants use it to perform photosynthesis and make food. Animals then eat the plants that contained the carbon. Carnivores then eat the other animals thus releasing carbon in animals. Both plants and animals respire. Carbon dioxide is returned to the atmosphere through respiration and
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