Case 5-1 Income Smoothing a. Firstly‚ investors tend to invest in companies with stable earnings rather than one with volatile earnings. With stable earnings‚ there will be more likely an issuance of dividends and investors could easily predict the company’s future earnings compared to one with unstable earnings. With consistent earnings generated‚ it gives investors a secured feeling that it will again generate earnings as predicted. Confidence in the growth of rate of earnings is crucial because
Premium Income statement Generally Accepted Accounting Principles Revenue
Tourism is in what is known as the ‘Tertiary Sector’ of the economy. This ‘service industry’ is one of 3 other sectors in an economy‚ the 2 other sectors are: secondary sector and primary sector. The primary sector deals with ‘extraction’ such as farming‚ fishing & quarrying. The secondary sector deals with manufacturing and construction. ‘According to the theory the main focus of an economy’s activity shifts from the primary‚ through the secondary and finally to the tertiary sector. Fourastié
Premium Economy Tourism Developing country
Chapter 7 Question reviews: 1: Why do hospitality firms need to advertise? What factors should be considered when planning an advertising strategy? Hospitalities firms advertise for a number of reasons: Advertise reach a vast audience. Advertising is relatively inexpensive. Advertising prompts audience response Advertising demonstrate competiveness 2: what types of media are available for print advertising‚ and what are the advantages and disadvantages of each type? Print advertising:
Premium Advertising Marketing Public relations
comprehensive income PURPOSE AND SCOPE .01 This Section establishes standards for reporting and display of comprehensive income. It does not address issues of recognition or measurement for comprehensive income and its components. .02 This Section does not apply to not-for-profit organizations (see FINANCIAL STATEMENT PRESENTATION BY NOT-FOR-PROFIT ORGANIZATIONS‚ Section 4400). DEFINITIONS .03 The following terms are used in this Section with the meanings specified: (a) Comprehensive income is the
Premium International Financial Reporting Standards Financial statements Financial Accounting Standards Board
Introduction The income smoothing literature has been the centre of attention in the accounting world for the past few decades. When companies experience economic turbulence due to a poor performance year‚ they turn to the accounting management department to resolve the bottom line. A strategy that managers can approach is changing the true information content of the company. As a result this has led managers to resort to smoothing their income. Many questions have been raised whether or not it
Premium Income
National Income Determination Introduction • A key objective of Macroeconomics is to explain GDP growth and its fluctuations • Therefore‚ need to understand the forces that determine GDP (“National Income”) • John Maynard Keynes in his “General Theory of Employment‚ Interest and Money” (1936) developed a model of income determination • Known as Keynesian Theory of Income Determination • Aggregate spending / demand determines the level of aggregate output Concepts and Functions Actual
Premium Macroeconomics Keynesian economics Consumption function
INCOME TAX NOTES Residential Status and Incidence of Tax According to Section 5 of the Income Tax Act the scope of total Income of an assessee depends on his residential status.On the basis of residential status assessee are classified under the following two categories: 1. Resident 2. Non-resident. As per as resident individuals and Hindu Undivided Families are concerned‚ they can be further divided into two categories: 1. Ordinarily Resident 2. Not ordinarily Resident. Residential
Premium Tax Tax refund Taxation in the United States
Overview Of Banking Project Title: Comparative study of non interest income of the Indian Banking Sector Submitted by: Gaurav Sharma BBA(Finance‚ Gold Medal)‚MBA(Finance) gksindia1@gmail.com Electronic copy available at: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1431288 Index Introduction Methodology SBI& Associates Nationalized banks(Public sector banks) Private sector banks Foreign banks Findings Conclusion Literature review References 1 3 5 10 15 20 25 26 26 26 Electronic copy available at:
Premium Bank
Definition of Tax “Taxes are compulsory payment to government without expectation of direct return in benefit to the tax payer” According to section 2 (62) of the ITO (Income Tax Ordinance) 1984: “Tax means the income tax payable under ordinance and includes any additional tax‚ excess profit tax‚ penalty‚ interest‚ fees or other charges leviable or payable under this ordinance.” Characteristics of Tax i. Tax is a payment to the government by the people. ii. Payment of taxes is non-penal
Premium Tax Income tax Tax refund
Application for the post of first commies chef. Dear Sir / Madam‚ I have successfully completed my diploma in Food Preparation and Culinary Arts from “Tommy Miah’s Hospitality Management Institute”. Now I am prepared to initiate my professional carrier in Food preparation and Culinary Arts. I hope that I am able to work in your industry because I have working experience in hotel management field. I am simple‚ honest and hard worker and also can work under pressure. I am always sincere about my responsibility
Premium Meat Chef Culinary art