The History of the Discovery of Radiation and Radioactivity Introduction: Radiation can be defined as the propagation of energy through matter or space. It can be in the form of electromagnetic waves or energetic particles. Ionizing radiation has the ability to knock an electron from an atom‚ i.e. to ionize. Examples of ionizing radiation include: • alpha particles • beta particles • neutrons • gamma rays • x-rays Non-ionizing radiation does not have enough energy to ionize atoms in the material
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Curium is highly radioactive. As a metal‚ it is lustrous and silvery. It is malleable‚ chemically reactive and electropositive. Its surface rapidly oxidizes in air‚ gaining a thin film. Most compounds of trivalent curium are stable and faintly yellow or yellow-green. If absorbed in to the body‚ curium accumulates in the bones. Its radiation destroys red blood cell formation. Consequently‚ curium is considered very toxic. Large quantities of curium are now easily made in nuclear reactors. A nuclear
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The History of Medicine The history of medicine Prehistoric and primitive medicine they treat their wounds similarly on how animals treat themselves: immersing in a cool water applying mud to irritated areas sucking stings licking wounds exerting pressure to the wounds to stop the bleeding. The history of medicine Prehistoric and primitive medicine 9th century: 1. Medical treatment was intertwined with religion and magic by means of kindness. 2. Disease was thought
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century and first utilized in a military capacity in the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. It all started rather innocently in 1896‚ when Antoine Henri Becquerel discovered radioactivity in Uranium. The next step came in 1902 when Marie and Pierre Curie isolated radioactive metal called Radium. In 1934‚ Enrico Fermi of Italy disintegrated heavy atoms by spraying them with neutrons. Unfortunately‚ he didn’t realize that he had achieved nuclear fission‚ In December 1938‚ Otto Hahn and Fritz Strassman
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to be discovered. J.J. Tomson (1897) - was a British physicist. He showed that cathode rays were composed of a previously unknown negatively charged particle‚ and thus is credited with the discovery and identification of the electron Marie and Pierre Curie (April 1898) - Did considerable work in the investigations of radioactivity. They discovered two new elements: Polonium and Radium - the latter named for the radioactive glow visible in the dark. Ernest Rutherford (1899) - a New Zealand-born physicist
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Who invented the periodic table? Dmitri Mendeleev invented the periodic in 1869‚ 5 years after John Newlands put forward his law of Octaves. Part of Dmitri’s periodic table He realised that the physical and chemical properties of elements were related to their atomic mass in a ’periodic’ way‚ and arranged them so that groups of elements with similar properties fell into vertical columns in his table. He also stated: The elements‚ if arranged according to their atomic mass‚ exhibit an apparent periodicity
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Marie Curie was a famous Polish chemist. Marie and her husband Pierre Curie were early researchers in radioactivity. She received her first Nobel Prize in 1903 for physics‚ together with Pierre and Henri Bequerell‚ for research in the area of radioactivity. In 1911‚ she was given a second Nobel Prize in Chemistry for her work in discovering radium and polonium. Discovery of Radium and Polonium Marie Curie received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1911 for her discovery of radium and polonium. She
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atoms made up chemical elements. Also thought all elements made of same kinds of atoms. Modern Atomic Theory John Dalton‚ 1803. Atoms of different elements are themselves of difference size and mass. More Elements Discovered Marie and Pierre Curie‚ 1898. Discovered polonium‚ radium. Concluded certain elements release energy when break down‚ called radioactivity. Medical Breakthroughs Preventing Disease Breakthroughs in late 1800s as result of scientific advances earlier in century
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Chapter 1 * What is Chemistry? -it is the study of the composition of substances and the changes they undergo. * What are the 5 branches of chemistry? * Organic chemistry‚ inorganic chemistry‚ analytical chemistry‚ physical chemistry‚ biochemistry. * What is the difference between a theory and law? -a theory is a thoroughly tested explanation of why experiments give certain results. A scientific law is a concise statement that summarized the results of a broad spectrum of observations
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A ‘clock’ is an instrument used to specify‚ record‚ and manage time. The word ‘clock’ comes from the French word “cloche” meaning bell‚ came into use when timekeepers were kept in bell towers in the Middle Ages. Historians do not who or when mankind “invented” a time-keeping device or a “clock”. Probably thousands of years ago when someone stuck a stick in the ground and saw a shadow of the sun move across the ground‚ known as the sundial. (Cummings‚ 1997-2012). After the Samarian culture
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