Practical 2.1- The Effect of Temperature on Membranes Objective To investigate the effect of temperature on membrane structure Introduction Beetroot Pigments Beetroots contain Betalains which are the red pigments present in the cell vacuole. Betalains are soluble in water and they contain nitrogen. Betalains extracted from beetroot is commonly used as food dye because it is not known to cause any allergic reactions. Beetroot Picture taken from http://tipdeck/how-to-cook-beet-root Structure
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1-1 EXPERIMENT 1 ISOLATION OF CAFFEINE FROM TEA In this experiment you will isolate caffeine from tea leaves and prepare the salicylate derivative. Introduction This experiment illustrates the isolation of a naturally occurring product from plant material -- caffeine from tea leaves. The experiment will provide experience in handling relatively small amounts of material and at the same time you will be exposed to several techniques and procedures which are fundamental for survival in an organic
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TRACE EVIDENCE AS AN IMPORTANT TOOL UNDER FORENSIC SCIENCE Introduction Edmond Locard‚ founder of the Institute of Criminalistics at the University of Lyon‚ France‚ developed what has become known as Locard’s Exchange Principle. This states that “every contact leaves a trace”‚ implying that a criminal will leave trace and take away trace evidence when at a crime scene. Trace evidence often refers to minute samples of a substance‚ particularly fibres‚ hairs‚ glass fragments and paint chips. Crime
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exposure solution‚ and diffusion solution. Membrane Damage For the lab experiment for Membrane Damage‚ we tested the extract pigment and diluted it. When the pH solutions are added‚ this will cause it to be in a range of absorbance. We used materials as follows. Obtaining a beet we proceeded to cut small individual cubes. We then rinse each cube to remove any damaged pigments with deionized water. Using a blender‚ we blend the beets with 15 mL of pH 7 DI water. After blending we used cheesecloth to
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the two samples can be examined side by side. 2. What are the three substances that generally make up paint? Describe each part. The three substances that generally make up paint are pigments‚ binders and solvents. Pigments are what produce a particular color of paint‚ binders are what provide support for the pigment‚ and the solvent is what makes the paint into a liquid. 3. What are polymers? Polymers are substances that are made up of many atoms that form in repeating patterns. 4. What is a scanning
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materials. Treated paper: for ink-jet printers absorbs the ink and provides good quality prints. Thermochromatic pigment: is mixed with acrylic paint. When it is heated above 27˚it changes to black. At room temperature it shows its usual colour. Phosphorescent pigments: they absorb light then emit light. They are glow in the dark. Thermocolour sheet: is a material printed with a thermochromic pigment which changes colour as the temperature changes. Polymorph is a plastic that becomes mouldable at 62°C. It
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What Beverages Stain Your Teeth The Most? In my experiment I will be testing drinks‚ to find out which drink will stain your teeth the most. The drinks I will be using are coffee‚ soda‚ and tea. I am going to get ahold of an egg and let the egg saok in the diffrent solutions. Coffee is a beverage that is made of roasted or baked beans of several spices‚ that is why people call them coffee beans. Soda is a carbonated soft drink. They have diffrent artifical sweeteners. Just like tea and
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other complications. 1.4.5 Iris and Pupil The Pupil is the dark‚ black circle of the eye. It contracts with brightness and expands during darkness allowing light to better transmit. The iris is the colored part of the eye. This coloring is due to pigment cells in tissue in the iris. The iris contains the sphincter pupillae‚ a muscle used to narrow the pupil‚ and the dilator pupillae‚ a muscle used to widen the pupil.
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validation of in vitro methods for skin irritation. Toxicol Lett. 2004; 149:387–90. skin substitutes. Am J Surg. 2002; 183:445–56. [PubMed: 11975935] 22 Am J Surg. 2008; 195:144–8. [PubMed: 18070722] 23 influence on human epidermal pigmentation. Pigment Cell Res. 2006; 19:434–42. [PubMed: 16965272] interactions during tumourigenesis. Fibrogenesis Tissue Repair. 2008; 1:8. [PubMed: 19077226] 26 biodegradable polyglycolic acid or polyglactin mesh. Biomaterials. 1991; 12:243–248. [PubMed: 1652296] micronucleus
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the Mississippians were known for making pottery by the coil method. Clay soil found along creek banks in this area made excellent clay soil for pottery. Tattooing with bone needles and an antler striker was also very common. Ochre pigment and/or black carbon pigment was used to create many facial designs on the Mississippians. Also‚ several archaic spear points were found. Finally‚ I climbed up Monks Mound. It was incredible how far you could see. The mound takes up fourteen acres alone. There
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