Discussion Using the Thin Layer Chromatography experiment‚ caffeine was found to be the most polar due to the fact that it stayed closer to the stationary phase. Caffeine contains four amine groups that are extremely polar as a result of the hydrogen bond and amide functional group. Acetaminophen was found to be the second most polar analgesic drug tested. Acetaminophen contains a polar alcohol group on one side and amide group on the other but also includes non-polar functional groups that consisted
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Recent Breakthrough - “Artificial Leaf” In the past 3 million years‚ the levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide have been at their highest ever. With the more relatively recent beginning of the Industrial Age‚ the amount of clean‚ breathable air that humanity depends upon for survival‚ has‚ as a response to the Era‚ decreased. The increase in carbon emissions and the increasing dependence upon fossil-fuels for energy has led to a global race for the creation of a carbon-neutral‚ renewable energy
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A pigment is a natural coloring matter that usually comes from a plant or animal. Today‚ there are synthetic pigments with the advancement of technology‚ but during the Italian Renaissance they did not have these luxuries. They had to obtain their pigment naturally. There were different classifications of pigment‚ each producing a different desired color. The material that contained the desired pigment had to be grinded very finely‚ and then the pigment would need to be added to a base to create
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RESPIRATORY PIGMENTS Colored‚ metal-containing proteins that combine reversibly with oxygen‚ found in the body fluids or tissues of multi-cellular invertebrate animals and microorganisms. The role of these pigments is primarily to aid in the transport of molecular oxygen. Thus they are distinguished from respiratory enzymes‚ which are concerned with the metabolic consumption of oxygen. Four distinctly colored groups of respiratory pigments exist among invertebrates: hemoglobins (purple‚ become orange-red
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useful solvent for many chemical processes. The solid was already in powder form therefore we did not have to crush it but it the unknown was in a tablet form‚ one would need to reduce it to a powdery-like form in order to perform this Thin-Layer Chromatography experiment. The powder solution was thoroughly mixed with a glass rod in the test tube containing
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Column and Thin Layer Chromatography Beverly Abstract: Plant pigments were separated and concentrated from a crude spinach extract through the use of column chromatography and an eluatropic series of hexanes‚ hexane/acetone‚ and methanol. The pigments were analyzed using thin layer chromatography with a 30% ethyl acetate/hexane developing solvent. Introduction: Chromatography is a technique used to separate a mixture of two or more components based on
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References: 1) E. Stahl‚ Thin Layer Chromatography‚ Springer-Verlag‚ New York‚ 1969 2) Camag Scientific‚ Inc.‚ 515 Cornelius Harnett Drive‚ Wilmington‚ NC 28401‚ phone 800-3343909‚ fax 919-343-1834 3) Desaga GmbH‚ P.O. Box 101969‚ D-69009 Heidelberg‚ Germany‚ phone 0-62-21-83590‚ fax 0-62-21-840887
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Experiment 4 – Liquid Phase Chromatography I. Objectives This experiment’s goal is to explore one-dimensional and two-dimensional paper chromatography. II. Schematic Diagram of the Procedure PAPER CHROMATOGRAPHY Wash leaves‚ cut them into smaller pieces; in a mortar macerate them in circular motion Add 8mL ethyl alcohol to extract pigments‚ continue macerating until finely grounded Transfer extract to evaporating dish‚ allow to conc‚ don’t let extract to dry out Concentration
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Thin Layer Chromatography of the Unknown Analgesic Jessica Bajao*‚ Phoebe Abalos‚ Kevin Antiga‚ Carmelus Aseneta 3-Biology 2 College of Science‚ University of Santo Tomas‚ Manila‚ Philippines Abstract The group used five different analgesics in this experiment: aspirin‚ acetaminophen‚ ibuprofen‚ caffeine‚ and mefenamic acid. Six analgesics were spotted on the TLC plate including the unknown. After the development of the TLC plate‚ it was placed under ultraviolet light for the spots resulted
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distillation and gas chromatography based on their difference in boiling points. The boiling point of hexane is 69 degrees Celsius and the boiling point of toluene is 110 degrees Celsius. Three fractions were collected for both simple and fractional distillation. The first fraction was hexane since it had the lower boiling point. The second fraction was a mixture of toluene and hexane. The third fraction was toluene since it had the high boiling point of 110 degrees Celsius. Gas chromatography was also preformed
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