Origins and Characteristics of Mid-Oceanic Ridges Matthew Olson ABSRACT The theory of seafloor spreading emerged with the discoveries of Harry Hammond Hess. Ocean basins are expanding laterally away from a mid-oceanic ridge. Radioactive decay in Earth’s mantle causes convection cycles‚ which drive plate tectonics. Hot mantle rises and undergoes decompression melt due to change in pressure. New oceanic crust is created in a characteristic sequence. Studies of Ophiolites show a sequence
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Asian Carp What are they? The term “Asian Carp” refers to fish in the Cyprinid family such as goldfish‚ koi‚ and common carp. Don’t worry; your pet goldfish isn’t an outlaw…yet. In the aquatic nuisance species world‚ the term Asian carp specifically refers to four species of introduced carp that pose a significant threat to the freshwater aquatic environment: bighead carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis)‚ silver carp (H. molitrix)‚ black carp (Mylopharyngodon piceus)‚ and grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)
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Languages of Waste: Matter and Form in our Garb-age Abstract: In the context of material ecocriticism which turns to explore the entanglements and networks of human and nonhuman elements‚ or as stated by Oppermann that ecological postmodernism contest the distinction between biological and chemical by endowing the matter whether organic or inorganic internal and external meanings‚ this paper raises a number of issues concerning the waste. The paper embarks from Barad and Bennett’s material theory
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To what extent are the environmental impacts of the global increase in demand for oil acceptable? [15 marks] After the industrial revolution‚ the demand for oil has been increasing globally. Over 100 million tonnes of oil are transported around the world on average a day. There are countries like the US which consume almost one quarter of global oil output‚ which must be supplied from oil reserves‚ usually from countries like Saudi Arabia (Guinness‚ 2011‚ p. 245). This shows that the topic of oil
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organisms. True 17. Types of deltas include all of the following except ________. b. tectonic-dominated 18. In a classification of the ocean by location‚ the open water zone in the near shore is called the ________. c. neritic zone 19. Typical plankton productivity in the temperate zone is
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The Blue Whale Balaenoptera Musculus‚ or the blue whale‚ is the largest mammal in the world. This enormous mammal can grow to be 110 feet long and weigh as much as 190 tons. That’s longer than two city buses and the total weight of 30 elephants. This giant is powered by a heart the size of a taxi-cab. The blue whale’s of the Antarctic grow larger than those of the Northern Hemisphere. Also‚ the females tend to be slightly larger than the males of the same age. These mammals are bluish-gray
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Acid rain is a rain or any other form of precipitation that is unusually acidic‚ meaning that it possesses elevated levels of hydrogen ions (low pH). It can have harmful effects on plants‚ aquatic animals and infrastructure. Acid rain is caused by emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide‚ which react with the water molecules in the atmosphere to produce acids. Governments have made efforts since the 1970s to reduce the release of sulfur dioxide into the atmosphere with positive results. Nitrogen
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production of CFCs‚ halons‚ and other ozone-depleting chemicals such as carbon tetrachloride and trichloroethane. It is suspected that a variety of biological consequences such as increases in skin cancer‚ cataracts‚[3] damage to plants‚ and reduction of plankton populations in the ocean’sphotic zone may result from the increased UV exposure due to ozone depletion. Causes Scientific evidence indicates that stratospheric ozone is being destroyed by a group of manufactured chemicals‚ containing chlorine
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Mass Extinction Events: The Causes And Effects Kieran A. F. Burley A mass extinction is defined as an event when there is a massive decrease in the abundance and diversity of all species on the planet‚ this will occur over a relatively short period of time‚ for any one species an extinction is catastrophic. Extinction events occur continually this results in regular change of all species on the planet and is known as background extinctions‚ sometimes however extinction rates rise suddenly for
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Application of Fluorescence Spectroscopy in Chemical Oceanography: Tracing Colored Dissolved Organic Matter (CDOM) Erika Mae A. Espejo 3rd year‚ BS Chemistry‚ University of the Philippines‚ Diliman Abstract Dissolved organic matter (DOM)‚ the fraction passing through a 0.45 µm membrane filter‚ is considered poorly understood mixture of organic polymers because of its complexity. Although it largely influences a lot of biogeochemical processes in aquatic environments‚ its characterization is not
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