The evolution of plants has resulted in increasing levels of complexity‚ from the earliest algal mats‚ through bryophytes‚ lycopods‚ ferns to the complex gymnosperms and angiosperms of today. While the groups which appeared earlier continue to thrive‚ especially in the environments in which they evolved‚ each new grade of organisation has eventually become more "successful" than its predecessors by most measures. Probably an algal scum formed on land 1‚200 million years ago. In the Ordovician period
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“All animals are equal‚ but some animals are more equal than others.”(134) In other words even though every animal is born equal‚ there are some that still have more power then others. The sentence structure of the novel this quote is from follows a conventional narrative structure. The narrator tells its events in chronological order. Animal Farm in which this quote is from is by George Orwell. In order to discuss the structure this essay will talk about major conflicts that individuals still struggle
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| |1. It is characterized by the fusion of two cells (Gametes) usually coming from |1. It is a type of reproduction that does not involve the union of gametes. | |two parents. | | |2. New plants are produced from seeds. |2. New individual is produced from
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Carnivorous Plants In a world where plants are at the bottom of the food-chain‚ some individual plant species have evolved ways to reverse the order we expect to find in nature. These insectivorous plants‚ as they are sometimes called‚ are the predators ‚ rather than the passive prey. Adaptations such as odiferous lures and trapping mechanisms have made it possible for these photosynthesizers to capture‚ chemically break-down and digest insect prey (and in some cases even small animals.) There
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BIO - PROJECT PLANT TISSUES Two Major Categories of Plant Tissues 1. Meristematic Tissue. A. Apical Meristems B. Lateral Meristems 2. Permanent Tissue A. Dermal (Surface Tissue) B. Fundamental Tissue (Ground Tissue) C. Vascular Tissue MERISTEMATIC TISSUE Composed of immature cells and are regions of active cell division. small‚ thin walls and rich in cytoplasm. Found in the growing tips of the roots and stem. A. Apical Meristems * Responsible for increase in length of
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Discuss the structure of the plasma membrane and explain the process of active and passive transport through the membrane. The plasma membrane is made up of proteins that form pores and channels‚ carbohydrate molecules that are used for cell recognition and cholesterol to provide membrane stability. Phospholipid molecules are the most abundant component found in the plasma membrane. Phospholipids molecules are composed of a phosphate head and a lipid tail; the structure of a cell membrane is
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Internal Structure Of A Plant PLANT CELL STRUCTURE Plant cells are classed as eukaryotes organisms‚ because they have a membrane enclosed nuclei and organelles. Here is a diagram of a plant cell;  Cytoplasm Most chemical reactions take place here. It helps the cell maintain it’s shape. Nucleus The nucleus has two main roles. Firstly it contains all the cells genetic information. Secondly it coordinates the cell’s activities‚ which include growth‚ intermediary metabolism‚ protein synthesis
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PLANT RESPONSES TROPISM is a biological phenomenon‚ indicating growth or turning movement of a biological organism‚ usually a plant‚ in response to an environmental stimulus. In tropisms‚ this response is dependent on the direction of the species. The word tropism comes from the Greek trope ("to turn" or "to change"). Tropisms are usually named for the stimulus involved and may be either positive (towards the stimulus) or negative (away from the stimulus). Phototropism is the growth response
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PLANT BODY Two Categories of Plant cells: 1.) Meristematic cells – embryonic‚ undifferentiated and capable of cell division • Apical meristem – located at root and shoot ends • Lateral meristem – run parallel to the long axis of roots and stems – where somatic cells undergo mitosis 2.) Differentiated/Permanent Cells – specialized in structure and usually do not divide • Simple Permanent Tissue – dermal tissue system and ground tissue system › Dermal tissue system – outer surfaces of
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Green plants absorb light energy using chlorophyll in their leaves. They use it to react carbon dioxide with water to make a sugar called glucose. The glucose is used in respiration‚ or converted into starch and stored. Oxygen is produced as a by-product. This process is called photosynthesis. Temperature‚ carbon dioxide concentration and light intensity are factors that can limit the rate of photosynthesis. Plants also need mineral ions‚ including nitrate and magnesium‚ for healthy growth. They
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