are caused when two plates move along a fault between them .New Zealand lies at the interface of the Pacific Plate and the Indo-Australian tectonic plates. There is a thrust fault which is linked with the plate boundary between the Pacific and Australian plates which meets in the centre of South Island. The epicentre was 6 miles South East of Christchurch and the focus was very shallow at 3.1 miles. The earthquake is related to the pressure exerted between the two great plates‚ of which the Alpine
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Archaean Au in S. Africa compared to that in Canada‚ Western Australia and India. 2. Ore-lineament Association (eg. Rocky Mountain trench; Mother Lode‚ CA; Owen Rift‚ Tasmania‚ Singhbhum Shear Zone?) ⇒ received a new meaning with the advent of plate tectonics‚ leading to two interpretations: they were (i) paleo- subduction zones now represented by mega- lineaments and (ii) transform faults which were either genetically related to oblique subduction zone of the ocean floor or extension of the transform
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Creationism is believing that a superior being called‚ God‚ created Earth and all of the living creatures we have‚ such as: humans‚ animals‚ birds‚ and plants. Creationists believe that this God created it using only his words and creating humans with his own hands and breathe of life. Evidence found for creationism has been discredited throughout the years by ‘simple’‚ evolutionary explanations‚ but neither evolutionists or creationist have the closest thing to a proof. The first evidence for
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Christian Hill 8/21/2013 PHYSICAL GEOLOGY CHAPTER 1 – STUDY GUIDE TERMS- Define Physical geology- studies the earths materials‚ processes and structures within plate tectonics framework‚ and understand the processes that operates beneath and upon its surface. Historical geology- examines the origin of the Earth and how Earth changed through time. Catastrophism- meaning the Earth’s landscape was shaped mainly of great catastrophes. Uniformitarianism- "the present is the key"‚ the
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EARTH ENVIRONMENTS I: GEOMORPHOLOGY AND SOILS Question: compare and contrast the styles of eruptions and the volcanic features both landward and seaward of the Andesite Line. “The term andesite line predates the geologic understanding of plate tectonics.” In that it was the term first used to describe the unique structure of the gushing destructive volcano boundary. This term used for the first in 1912 by a man known to be Patrick Marshall of New Zealand. The andesite line is located in the Pacific
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is associated with two of the plate boundary types: divergent and convergent margins‚ so activity is usually found along oceanic ridges where plates are moving apart‚ near rift valleys‚ on subduction zones where the most violent activity takes place and over hot spots which have given rise to the Hawaiian islands. Magma is generated at most plate boundaries‚ and this magma rises to the surface to form volcanoes. The mobility of crust also causes earthquakes. When plates collide or slide past each other
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Standards Addressed Lesson 13: Plate Tectonics I Overview Lesson 13 introduces students to geological oceanography by presenting the basic structure of the Earth and the properties of Earth’s primary layers. Students learn the structure and composition of oceanic and continental crust and the theory of plate tectonics. In the activity‚ students calculate the rate of movement of the Pacific Plate using information about the age of the Hawaiian Islands. Lesson Objectives Students will: 1. Describe
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The Earth’s structure The crust is the surface of the earth; it is a rock layer forming the upper part of the lithosphere. The lithosphere is split into tectonic plates. The plates move slowly on a layer called the asthenosphere. Meteorites can tell us what the earth is like-these are rock and metal fragments which fall to earth from space. We know the earth’s core is hot through hot spring geezers and volcano lava. 2 types of crust OCEANIC CRUST: it is found under the oceans; it’s thin and
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Over time plate movement or subduction causes increasing strain on "sticking points" within the crust. Similar to if you rub two pieces of sand paper together‚ they will initially resist sliding until enough strain is built up. At that point‚ the "sticking point" is weakened and releases the built up strain. Before this theory was developed‚ scientists were unsure whether earthquakes caused faulting (plate movement) of faulting caused earthquakes. Today‚ over
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Life on Mars and Life on Earth • Life on Earth - Right spot‚ suitable for life - Size of earth has allowed the internal heat from leaking too rapidly - Plate tectonic activity and bulkinism helps maintain and recycle carbon dioxide which helps prevent the earth from freezing - The magnetic field from the inner core maintains heat at a certain level protecting earth - Within the atmosphere‚ there exists hydrogen‚ water‚ methane and ammonia - These gases are subject to lightening and
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