influenced over long periods by earth movements that cause the breaking and bending of the Earth’s crust. Geographers call these movements tectonic processes. The Earth’s crust is made up of many individual moving pieces called tectonic plates. There are nine large plates and about a dozen smaller ones. The larger plates contain the continents and oceans. These plates ‘float’ on the dense layer of rock below. Geographers have long been aware that‚ if the continents were rearranged and repositioned‚
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Types of volcanism associated with plate margins There are two types of plate margin. When there is a boundary between two diverging tectonic plates‚ such as between the North American and Eurasian plates‚ it is known as a constructive plate margin. This is because it recognises the importance of magma rising up from the mantle to create new crustal rock. The boundary between two converging plates is known as a destructive plate margin‚ as it is responsible for more violent seismic activity‚ volcanoes
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the topographical features at divergent and convergent plate margins. Subject: Earth Environments 1: Geomorphology and Soils Course Code: GEOG 1231 Divergent and convergent plate margins are both studied in plate tectonics; which is the study of the plates that makeup the lithosphere‚ their movements and how these movements has influenced changes in the surface’s topography (Strahler‚ 2011‚ 389). The driving force that causes these plate movements is the gradual movement of the semi-molten rock
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FULL SET OF NOTES ON TECHTONICS 2012 AQA GEOGRAPHY FULL SET OF NOTES ON TECHTONICS 2012 AQA GEOGRAPHY TECHTONICS | TOPICS | UNDERSTOOD/COVERED? | PLATE MOVEMENT | | SEISMICITY | | VULCANICITY | | These notes were copied from an AQA textbook. They contain EVERYTHING you need to know for the exam for the tectonics section. You WILL however‚ need to use your own case studies as these are not included. You will need 2 case studies for volcanoes‚ and 2 case studies for earthquakes
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“Volcanic and seismic events are major pieces of evidence towards proving that plate tectonics theory is valid’ Discuss the extent to which you agree with this statement (40 marks) The plate tectonics theory was made by a German named Alfred Wegener. He stated that a single continent existed about 300 million years ago named Pangaea and that it split into two continents of Laurasia in the north and Gondwanaland in the south. Today’s continents were formed by further splitting of the two masses
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pieces of evidence towards proving that the plate tectonic theory is valid” Discuss the extent to which you agree with this statement (40). The theory of plate tectonics explains the structure and motion of the Earth’s lithosphere. The theory states that the Earth’s crust is split into large sections called tectonic plates‚ and these move relative to one another creating boundaries at which the plates converge‚ diverge or move past each other. These plates are either continental or oceanic and are
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Evaluate the strategies used to reduce the impact of tectonic hazards. Tectonic hazards are comprised of earthquakes and volcanoes; they are named ‘tectonic hazards’ as it is ultimately the movement of tectonic plates that cause these events. These hazards have the potential to kill thousands and devastate the region it strikes. Although the main hazard causes destruction‚ events that follow can be equally‚ if not more‚ devastating‚ for example an earthquake can often trigger a tsunami. Many strategies
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A Divergent plate boundary is a tectonic boundary where two plates are moving away from each other and new crust is forming from magma that rises to the Earth’s surface between the two plates. The middle of the Red Sea and the mid-ocean ridge (running the length of the Atlantic Ocean) are divergent plate boundaries. Divergent boundaries are characterized by a rift in the surface of the earth along the midocean ridges that exist in all of the major ocean basins. The ridges are composed of volcanic
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The natural hazards caused by plate tectonics are more a result of human factors than physical ones. Discuss to what extent do you agree with this statement? [40 marks] A natural hazard is a threat of a naturally occurring event that will have a negative effect on people or the environment. The Earth’s lithosphere (crust) is divided into tectonic plates which are constantly in motion due to the convection currents caused by heat cycles in the mantle‚ driven by radioactive decay in the Earth’s core
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Constructive Plate Margin * This is where two plates move apart be it any combination of crust type either sial or sima. At a sima and sima divergence such as the Eurasian Plate and the North American Plate‚ both crusts diverge leaving magma to rise up. This with aid from the cool ocean water solidifies and creates gentle sloping volcanos with basic basaltic lava with low viscosity. The type of volcanoes found at these margins are shield and fissure volcanoes. At this specific plate margin‚ at
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