Feb 2013 Lesson 2.1: Financial Management: Cost Estimation Budget Terms Each of these terms has an official definition in budget execution. TERM DEFINITION Budget Authority "Budget Authority" is the authority granted by appropriations law to enter into obligations that will result in immediate or future outlays. Commitment A "commitment" is the administrative reservation of funds‚ usually by the local comptroller‚ in anticipation of a future obligation. A commitment is the response to a request
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Cost reduction Generally defined as the act of cutting costs to improve profitability. Cost reduction‚ should therefore‚ not be confused with cost saving and cost control. Cost saving could be a temporary affair and may be at the cost of quality. Cost reduction implies the retention of essential characteristics and quality of the product and thus it must be confined to permanent and genuine savings in the costs of manufacture‚ administration‚ distribution and selling‚ brought about by elimination
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Topic 6: Management Accounting and Cost Case: Shelter Partnership a. My main learning outcomes from Topic 6 and the Case Study; 1) Firstly‚ I realize management accounting has much to offer. Somehow I can handle physics but not accounting. Now thanks to this course I can appreciate and make sense of it. The bit that really caught my attention was seeing how management accounting can be really useful for business planning‚ cost management‚ budgeting and performance measurement. It offers
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relationship management initiative? In Old costing system ‚ material realted overhead cost was divided into 3 categories 1) Material related 2) Production related 3) Support related The support related cost were allocated based on sum of direct material ‚ direct labor costs ‚ material overhead and production overhead. Compared to old costing system‚ in PROKASTA 2 additional cost pools (Order processing and special components related cost) to allocated support related costs. This strategy
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successful cost reduction programmes In the current economic climate‚ most organisations must face up to a prolonged period of extreme competition and funding restrictions. This is particularly the case if the past few years have been focused on growth‚ service improvement or reorganisation (i.e. cost efficiency has not been a recent priority). Such pressures require an approach that reduces costs in a strategic‚ disciplined‚ and sustainable manner - delivered at pace. In our view serious cost reduction
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Motivation Concepts KEY: pg 29 5. The Academy of Management Review is an example of a journal used in entrepreneurial research. ANS: T PTS: 1 NAT: AACSB Reflective Thinking | Motivation Concepts KEY: pg 29 6. Government publications are used in researching small business. ANS: T PTS: 1 NAT: AACSB Reflective Thinking | Motivation Concepts KEY: pg 30 7. Inexperience and incompetent management are the main reasons for failure. ANS: T
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help you get familiar with the numbers. Pay particular attention to question 6. 1. The overhead allocation rate used in the 1987 model year strategy study at the Automotive Component & Fabrication Plant (ACF) was 435% of direct labor dollar cost. Calculate the overhead allocation rate using the 1987 model year budget. Calculate the overhead allocation rate for each of the model years 1988 through 1990. Are the changes since
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Q: Is depreciation expense or depreciation cost is fixed cost or variable cost in nature? Fixed costs: Fixed costs are such costs that do not change with the change in activity level within the relevant range. Where relevant range can be defined in terms of time or activity level. Variable costs: Variable costs are such costs that change with the change in activity level . Coming to the question‚ depreciation expense or depreciation cost can either be fixed or variable and this depends on the
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CHAPTER 6 MASTER BUDGET AND RESPONSIBILITY ACCOUNTING 6-1 The budgeting cycle includes the following elements: a. Planning the performance of the company as a whole as well as planning the performance of its subunits. Management agrees on what is expected. b. Providing a frame of reference‚ a set of specific expectations against which actual results can be compared. c. Investigating variations from plans. If necessary‚ corrective action follows investigation. d. Planning again‚ in light of
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Cost Accounting – Classification of costs Cost accounting refers to a process of accumulating‚ recording‚ classifying and analyzing all costs incurred at various levels of production. The purpose of cost accounting is manifold. It provides a final selling price‚ suggests the best possible course of action where maximum savings are possible and a strategy for future. Cost accounting is also constructive in comparing the input and output results that ultimately aids the management to arrive at a financial
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