SMART MATERIALS 1. Introduction The primary characteristic of a ‘‘smart material’’ is that it has the ability to respond to external stimuli in a technically useful and technically controlled way. The words ‘‘technically useful’’ and ‘‘technically controlled’’ are emphasized since all materials respond to external stimuli of some sort or other (as a simple example‚ all materials respond to temperature by changing their volume)‚ however‚ to be considered a ‘‘smart material’’ the response must
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Stress: psychological and physical response to a stimulus that alters the body’s state of equilibrium Hans Selye GAS [general adaption syndrome] 3 stages – alarm‚ resistance‚ exhaustion Alarm: fight of flight. Adrenaline‚ cortisol. Beathing‚ hr‚ bp increase Resistance: adapt to stressor‚ equilibrium Exhaustion: if stressor persists‚ resistance will wear down. May lead to negative health effects Allostatic load – stress carried by body to maintain equilibrium Stress suppress immune system
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whether the the U.S.’ victory in the Cold War was really a failure. There are three types of terrorism: State-sanctioned terrorism‚ terror networks‚ and domestic terrorism. State-sanctioned terrorism attacks are usually an attempt to gain world attention for a cause‚ not necessarily to kill a large number of people. Groups that utilize this type of terrorism usually have a political agenda and are attempting to create a new political state‚ to destroy another state‚ or
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YSZ–GDC interface can be efficiently suppressed when a thin ( 1 µm thick) interlayer with nominal composition of Ce0.43Zr0.43Gd0.10Y0.04O1.93 is incorporated at the interface. When ceria is to be employed at the electrolyte–anode interface to reduce polarization losses‚ use of a ceria–40% vol Ni cermet is recommended‚ since suppression of the reactivity between YSZ and ceria can also be achieved in the presence of Ni. © 2000 Acta Metallurgica Inc. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved
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effect – theory – experimental proof- Hall sensor- solar cell-principle and working. Unit 3 Dielectric and Magnetic Materials 20 hours (Description) Polarization and dielectric constant - dielectric susceptibility - electric field inside a dielectric – macroscopic and microscopic electric field – Clausius – Mosotti relation Polarization mechanisms – electronic‚ ionic and orientation - Temperature dependence of dielectric constant – Complex dielectric constant - Frequency dependence – Debye
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possible threats to their ideas and beliefs. This step ultimately provides the Genocide leaders the power and authority of removing any opposing people who may conflict with their intentions and interrupt their plans. The fifth stage of Genocide‚ “Polarization”‚ is the active killing of any political threats to the Genocide leaders. This step is similar to the fourth step of Genocide
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The development of urban motorization in big cities has caused some negative effects to their population. Social issues and ecological issues are the main problems that occur in those cities. There are some reasons that lead to the motorization era in the cities. One of them is urban sprawl. Urban sprawl is the enlargement of city’s development that spread far away from the centre to the outskirt of that city. Urban sprawl is the result of the increasing urbanization. Although urban sprawl is the
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The fixed orthodontic appliances are subjected to corrosive damage which acts to degrade the physical properties and increase the potential for failure. The oral environment because of its enzymatic phenomenon is an ideal climate for corrosive attack of orthodontic appliances. This gradual destruction of materials resulting from chemical reactions can have several adverse effects such as the release of elements from metals‚ roughening of wire surface‚ and weakening of appliances‚ which can lead
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patrons happen to be working out on nearby equipment. This best illustrates: (Points : 1) a. the bystander effect. b. the mere exposure effect. c. the foot-in-the-door phenomenon. d. social facilitation. e. group polarization. | 3. Although Natalie receives somewhat greater rewards from her marriage than does her husband‚ both are satisfied with the relationship because they each benefit in proportion to what they put into it. This best illustrates the significance
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Proceedings of National Conference on Recent Advances in Electronics and Communication Engineering (RACE-2014)‚ 28-29 March 2014 A Review of Diversity Techniques in Wireless Communication system Satyanand Choudhary1‚ Surbhi Jha2 ‚ Prabhakar Sharma3 1‚2 3 B.Tech Student‚ I.T.S Engineering College‚ Greater Noida Assistant Professor‚ I.T.S Engineering College‚ Greater Noida 1 Satyanand.chaudhary@gmail.com 2 surbhi3jha@gmail.com 3 prabhakar.sh@gmail.com Abstract—It is the technique
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