improve policing. Among them have been team policing‚ neighborhood policing‚ community policing‚ zero-tolerance policing and problem-oriented policing. Herman Goldstein was the first to propose problem-oriented policing in 1979. Problem-oriented policing is a policing strategy that involves the identification and analysis of specific crime and disorder problems‚ in order to develop effective response strategies in conjunction with ongoing assessment. The emphasis in problem-oriented policing is on
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flexible budget is a budget statement that shows what the expected costs should have been for any level of output‚ so that the actual costs can be compared to planned costs for the output that was actually generated. In a flexible budget‚ the costs are separated into variable and fixed costs. The more information that is provided to explain variances in budgeted and actual amounts‚ the easier it is for management to make successful decisions about costs and expenses. A flexible budget classifies
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A budget projection is an estimate of a company’s anticipated revenues and expenses for the next 12 months. It can also be used as a basis for determining future budget decisions‚ revisions and adjustments when necessary. A true business’s potential is revealed by an accurate budget‚ and to arrive at there‚ a budget projection is required. Budget projections are useful as they aid in the preparation of a business plan‚ allows companies to compare the projected budget against actual financials
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Advantages and disadvantages of a master budget Advantages of a master budget are: a. It gives an idea where a company wants to go (its goal).. b. It determines what the company has to do in order to achieve this goal. c. It helps the company to realistically project future cash flows. d. This cash flow will enable the company to get certain types of financing. In short a master budget formalizes planning‚ provides an framework for judging performance and it helps managers to communicate and
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Most people are aware that certain areas have higher crime rates than others. Throughout the years of policing‚ there have been different tactics used to stop crime and disorder from occurring in these areas. One of the tactics being used is offender-focused hot spot policing. This type of tactic focuses on small places or groups of people in small places‚ and tailor specific solutions to problems using careful analysis of local conditions. This tactic has been used as an effective way to reduce
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The ideal idea of community policing is to bring law enforcement and the public it serves closer together to identify and address crime issues. But‚ it instead merely responds to emergency calls‚ and arresting criminals. I think that it is a relevant tool in society today‚ but only to an extent. We have officers out there day and night‚ protecting our streets and neighborhoods from burglary‚ theft‚ and robberies. Having Community Oriented Policing it not only helps the community‚ but it also helps
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Budget Critique The budget for the city of San Clemente‚ California‚ fiscal year 2011 can be found at the following link: http://ci.san-clemente.ca.us/sc/org/Finance/Downloads/Budget/Download/00_2011_Budget_Adopted.pdf The budget for the city of San Clemente has received the Distinguished Budget Presentation Awards from the Government Finance Officers Association for the past 17 years. Not surprisingly‚ considering those honors‚ the city’s budget is organized
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this assignment with the following assumption. * That the company does not have accurate budget * That Rada plc have different departments of their business in different area of the world. For an organisation not to have an accurate budgeting is like working without any plan because budget take an important role in the day to day running of a business and also most importantly the future. Budget is important for the following reason * Planning of annual operation * Coordinating the
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Introduction of cash budgeting Cash budget is a inputs and outputs of a business or a individual over a long period of time (e-conomic‚ 2013). A cash budgeting is relate to a organisation’s plan to plan ahead and to plan ahead of the future in a company. It usually expressed it as numbers of cash budgeting. The main objective of preparing cash budget is to ensure that the cash is sufficient for the purpose of capital or revenues expenditure. It is also to have cash in advanced in the case of shortage
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Evidence-Based Policing Henry Hall Class Criminal Justice Due Date January 28‚ 2012 Professor: Jane Bruce Within my paper I will be discussing evidence- based policing and its goals. I will also talk about some of the advantages within the community dealing with evidence-based policing‚ and the disadvantages as well. I will give two examples where evidence- based policing has been used and the impact that it had on the outcome of the case. Evidence Base Policing‚ is a style of policing that engage
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