and a Look into Russian Politeness in Comparison with English. Despite the fact that the phenomenon of politeness is widespread in the entire world‚ after looking into different cultures it is possible to notice that in each one it reveals itself in various ways; it can have a small number of differences or it may differ starting from the basics. This is determined by a range of cultural specifications‚ customs‚ and way of life (Wierzbicka 2003). The essence of politeness is usually lies much deeper
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of the income or expense generate as a result of the nature of the transaction. These four variables are considered to be the most important guidelines used by companies when developing tax strategies. II. The Four Maxims of Tax Planning The first the major tax planning maxims‚ entity variable planning‚ says that a company should use its structure to its advantage. What this means is that when there are two related parties under common control and one is subject to a lower tax rate than the
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Name: Lei Chen Course : ACCT 362W Prof: Kenneth Ryesky Esq. Date: 11/4/2010 Case Caption: United States v. Dentsply International‚ Inc.‚ Court: United States of Appeals‚ Third Circuit. Date: Argued September 21‚ 2004. February 24‚ 2005 Citation: 399 F.3d 181 Facts: This is an antitrust case that the defendant- Dentsply international‚ Inc.‚ is one of a dozen manufactures of artificial teeth for dentures and other restorative device. Dentsply dominates
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Law of Contract | A discussion on the Restraint of Trade | | Introduction Business owners in an attempt to protect the goodwill of their business will often include “Restraint of trade” provision in employment agreements‚ sale of business agreements etc. Thus‚ an agreement‚ which someone is restricted in his freedom to carry on his trade‚ profession‚ business or other economic activity‚ is generally called an agreement in restraint of trade. Having said that‚ this paper is directed towards
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Comparison of politeness between English and Chinese As the embodiment of human civilization‚ it is not only a kind of social phenomenon‚ is a language phenomenon. With the rapid development of intercultural communication research‚ different cultural connotation and concept of politeness in cross-cultural communication how to be polite‚ people pay more and more attention. Because the people of what is polite and how to be polite with a different point of view‚ which can often lead to communication
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different points of views about this topic. Despite having different important theories in pragmatics‚ as the relevant theory and others‚ this essay is going to focus on Speech-Act Theory by Austin and Searle‚ Conversational Implicatures by Grice‚ Politeness Principle by Leech and the Face Theory by Browning and Levinson and how they differ between each other. John Langshawn Austin was the one who created one of the main theories of this topic‚ calling his theory the ‘Speech Act Theory’‚ since in contrast
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empty adjectives and politeness strategies in order to appear more welcoming on her radio show I hypothesised that on her radio show‚ Mel Giedroyc would use much more stereotypical ‘women language’ than her male host Bush as well as Nick Grimshaw. This is supported by Robin Lakoff’s gender deficient model which proposes that women speak in such a way that benefits men and makes them look good. She also developed the ‘politeness principle’ in which she suggested three maxims; Don’t impose‚ give the
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PRAGMATICS 1 Definitions and background Pragmatics: is concerned with the study of meaning as communicated by a speaker (or writer) and interpreted by a listener (or reader). It has more to do with what people mean by their utterances. It is the study of the speaker meaning. It also has to do with the meaning in a particular context and how the context influences what is said. Also the study of how more is communicated than is said. Closeness‚ whether it is physical‚ social‚ or conceptual
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cultural and linguistic background. In conversational cooperation‚ we know maxims. There are four main maxims. 1. The Maxim of Quality (Try to make your contribution one that is true) 2. The Maxim of Quantity (Make your contribution as informative as is required‚ do not make it more informative than is required. 3. The Maxim of Relevance (Make your contributions relevant so that the contribution can be related) 4. The Maxim
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cooperation and implicature‚ politeness and interaction‚ and speech acts and events) with the fragments selected demonstrate the importance of the unsaid not only in everyday conversation but also in the creation of a sitcom. Introduction The present paper is mainly concerned with the pragmatic analysis of one episode of the American sitcom “Seinfeld”‚ focusing the work on four main related topics: reference and inference‚ presupposition‚ cooperation and implicature‚ politeness and interaction‚ and speech
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