2) Sporadic (individual) corruption 3) Political (grand) corruption 4) Petty corruption 5) Legal and moral corruption It is necessary for us to first identify the causes of corruption. It is in its various forms such as bribery‚ nepotism‚ extortion has penetrated deep into the vitals of our social system and destroy the moral fiber of our society. It has also become an integral part of our administration‚ social and political culture. Not only law paid government and private employees
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POLITICAL LANGUAGE Language is the life blood of politics. Political power struggles‚ and the legitimisation of political policies and authorities occurs primarily through discourse and verbal representations. Power can either be exercised through coercion or what US commentator Walter Lippman termed in the 1930s the manufacture of consent. Largely unable‚ and hopefully unwilling‚ to coerce; political authorities in so called democratic polities often need to manufacture consent in order to
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How the Perspective of Political Ecology Treats Environmental Conservation and Development Issues Student’s Name: Environmental Issues in Asia Tutor’s Name: 2 November 2011 OUTLINE: I. Introduction II. Political ecology and environmental conservation and development issues III. Strengths and weaknesses of political ecology approach on nuclear power industry IV. Strengths and weaknesses of political ecology approach on protection of trees V. Conclusion VI. References
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Philippine Online Chronicles. Retrieved August 3‚ 2011‚ from Philippine Online Chronicles: http://thepoc.net/breaking-news/local/12267-political-dynasty-ban-bill-up-in-congress.html#ja-content Gma News Tv Kurlantzick‚ J. (2011‚ January 7). Retrieved August 3‚ 2011‚ from Council on Foreign Relations: http://blogs.cfr.org/asia/2011/01/07/the-curse-of-nepotism/ List of political families in the Philippines Rosario‚ B. (2009‚ July 5). Manila Bulletin. Retrieved August 3‚ 2011‚ from Manila bulletin: http://www
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a broad sense and a narrow definition of discourse might refer only to spoken or written language. However‚ discourse analysis more often draws on a broader definition to include the shared ways in which people make sense of things within a given culture or context‚ including both language and language-based practices (i.e. the ways in which things are accomplished). The term discourse was first used in modern linguistics by Zelling Herris in 1952 ‚ but it can be traced back to
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the years of 2009 and 2010‚ from January till December‚ in total 24 months stocks’ prices will be used as basic data in our research paper. The historical data of the companies was retrieved from Kazakhstan Stock Exchange. The companies that will be used in analysis come from 3 industries of Kazakhstan - banking‚ telecommunication and oil and gas. The authors of the paper decided to chose those mentioned industry‚ to test the diversification‚ due to the fact that those industries are well developed
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What role has civil society to play in political reform and social transformation today? In this essay I focus on the nature of the state-civil society relationship in Ireland and I offer outlooks on how it may possibly change in the future to involve more of an input from civil society. I begin the essay by discussing the relationship between the state and civil society today. I then go on to discuss my thoughts on the constitutional convention in Ireland. After this I go on to talk about some
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Eini Laaksonen Political risks of foreign direct investment in the Russian gas industry – The Shtokman gas field project in the Arctic Ocean Electronic Publications of Pan-European Institute 14/2010 ISSN 1795 - 5076 Political risks of foreign direct investment in the Russian gas industry – The Shtokman gas field project in the Arctic Ocean Eini Laaksonen1 14/2010 Electronic Publications of Pan-European Institute www.tse.fi/pei 1 Eini Laaksonen is Research Associate at the Pan-European
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research. Current issues in the world system generally have been analysed by economic or political aspects. However “the polity is much more influenced by economic developments than many political scientists have admitted‚ and the economy is much more dependent upon social and political developments than economists in general have appreciated” (Gilpin‚ 2010 : 25). Therefore‚ Political economy combines political and economic theory to evaluate states and societies. In addition regional studies give
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recession‚ with the economy contracting by 4.7% in 2009. That being said‚ the economy has now recovered to pre-crisis levels with growth reaching 7% in 2010‚ shown to be a larger growth than almost all European counterparts. Despite the economic and political expansion in the last 10 years‚ Turkey’s battle with corruption‚ unemployment‚ income inequalities‚ and the Kurdish problem have been risk factors for any business that considers investing. According to corruption rankings‚ Turkey was ranked below
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