Taylor “Principles of Scientific Management” Management’s principle: secure the maximum prosperity for the employer and the employee Aim for high excellence and permanent prosperity Maximum prosperity for employee: higher wages + develop worker to highest maximum efficiency to get highest quality of work Max prosperity for employer and employee should = management Scientific management: these fundamental interests are the same since both benefit from each other (long term) Employer (high
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Retail:-The selling of goods and services directly to consumers in small quantities. Retailing:-The activities involved in selling goods directly to consumers. ORGANISED RETAILERS:- Like department stores‚speciality stores ‚shopping complexes ‚ malls ‚ large scale multiple chains etc. Organized retailing‚ in India‚ refers to trading activities undertaken by licensed retailers‚ that is‚ those who are registered for sales tax‚ income tax‚ etc. These include the publicly traded supermarkets‚ corporate-backed hypermarkets and
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Economies Traditional Economy‚ Command Economy & Market Economy Traditional Economy Definition A traditional economy is an economic system where customs‚ traditions and beliefs determine the goods and services created by the society. It is dependent on agriculture‚ hunting and gathering‚ fishing or any combination of the above. Also called a subsistence economy‚ it may involve use of barter trade instead of currency. Characteristics Traditional economies are often based on one
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Planned Economy: "The social good" In a planned economy‚ the factors of production are owned and managed by the government. Thus the Government decides what to produce‚ how much to produce and for whom to produce. Features: • All resources are owned and managed by the government • No consumer OR producer choice • The market forces can’t set the price for goods or services • Profit is not the main objective‚ the government aims to provide services and goods to everybody • Government decides
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Economic Structure of New Zealand New Zealand has a mixed economy which is mostly based on the free market principles. It is dependent on international trade with countries like Australia‚ USA‚ China‚ and Japan‚ and focused on specific sectors like tourism‚ agriculture‚ manufacturing‚ and financial services. Exporting goods and services takes about one third of real expenditure GDP. Some of the country’s natural energy resources include coal‚ natural gas and some oil reserves‚ geothermal fields
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Development of the Japanese Economy ― Development‚ Japanese/Asian Style ― For Students in the EDP&M Program April 2007 Shigeru T. Otsubo* GSID‚ Nagoya University (w/ inputs from Prof. A.Furukawa‚ Ritsumeikan Univ.) For Students in the Economic Development Policy and Management Program Prof. Shigeru T. OTSUBO The purpose of this presentation is four-fold: 1) to introduce the macroeconomic development process of the postwar Japanese economy (the so-called “Miracle Recovery”); 2) to explore
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different answers: command economies directed by a centralized government‚ and market economies based on private enterprise. Today‚ in the last decade of the 20th century‚ it is clear that‚ for people throughout the world‚ the central‚ command economy model has failed to sustain economic growth‚ to achieve a measure of prosperity‚ or even to provide economic security for its citizens. Yet for many‚ the fundamental principles and mechanisms of the alternative‚ a market economy‚ remain unfamiliar or
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Critical Review Global Shift: Mapping The Changing Contours of the World Economy When the term “Globalization” is discussed‚ most academics‚ scholars‚ professionals and intellectuals attempt to define and interpret it in a summarized fashion. My main concern with this approach is that one cannot and should not define a process that altered decades of history and continues to‚ in less than 30 words. Global Shift is a book with remarkable insight. Peter Dicken rather than attempting to define
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APEC member-economies have outlined four (4) main objectives: · to sustain the growth and development of the region for the common good of its people thus contributing to the growth of world economy; · to enhance the gains of both regional and world economy by encouraging the flow of goods‚ services‚ capital and technology; · to develop and strengthen the open multilateral trading system in the interest of Asia-Pacific member economies and all other
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|This article explains how an economy can become in a disequilibrium and how recessions and booms happens in a market economy. | |The circular flow of income model is a model used to show the flow of income through an economy. Through showing the leakages in| |the economy and the injections‚ the different factors affecting the economic activities are apparent. Just like a leakage in a | |fish tank a leakage in the economy leads to a decrease in economic activity.
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