production of PHB began after the 1990s because of the growing need for a environmentally friendly plastic alternative. Properties of PHB... The biodegradability of PHB gives it extraordinary appeal as a potential replacement for the widely used polymers derived from petrochemicals. These petrochemical products‚ such as polypropylene and polyethylene‚ are often used for packaging‚ but are a hazard to the environment because of the fact that when discarded they do not decompose and can cause injury
Premium Petrochemical Nitrogen Polymer
Introduction Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)‚ more commonly known as Teflon‚ is a polymer. Polymer is a substance which contains many structural units that are joined the same type of linkage.(1) Hence‚ the molecular structure of polytetrafluoroethylene is based on a chain of carbon atoms. However‚ unlike some other fluoropolymers‚ in Teflon the chain is completely surrounded by fluorine atoms.(2) There is a very strong bond between fluorine atoms and the carbon as the fluorine atoms act as a protective
Premium Polymer Polytetrafluoroethylene
at 190°Cwere identified through the use of an extrusion plastometer. The data obtained was used to determine the average melt flow rate and melt flow index. Introduction: Polymers are an important class of materials. The range of properties of polymeric materials allows it to be essential in everyday life. The simplest polymer is polyethylene which consists of long chains of C2H4 monomers. Each monomer is joined by a covalent bond while the bonding between the chains is a weak van der Waals bond
Premium Polymer Fluid dynamics Mass flow rate
Introduction One of the most precise measurements in polymer science is also the simplest and cheapest. Intrinsic viscosity‚ which is measured from the flow time of a solution through a simple glass capillary‚ has considerable historical importance for establishing the very existence of polymer molecules. It also provides considerable physical insight. In this lab‚ each group will study the intrinsic viscosity of hydroxypropylcellulose‚ a common polymer derived from cellulose--hopefully at a different
Premium Polymer Fluid dynamics Viscosity
Investigating the Ratio Between Poly-Vinyl Alcohol and Sodium Borate to form a Bouncing Ball Timothy English Gen. Chem. 1 Lab Section: 009 Introduction: Poly-Vinyl Alcohol (PVA) is a water-soluble synthetic polymer that will be used as one element to form the well know bouncing ball‚ along with Sodium Borate (borax)‚ which has a variety of uses because of its weak base. PVA is ideal for this experiment because it is odorless‚ nontoxic‚ has high tensile strength and flexibility. The
Premium Plastic Polymer Silver
The characteristic properties of slime can be explained by polymerisation reactions. Polymers can be explained most simply by the polymerisation of the molecule ethylene into polyethylene (see figure 1 below). Figure 1. Polymerisation of polyethylene from ethylene. In this example‚ the double bond between the carbon atoms is broken‚ allowing each carbon atom to form one more bond between another molecule. The double bond between the carbon atoms is weaker because the type of orbital is ‚ compared
Premium Polymer Monomer Plastic
4 Plasmon Resonances for PS@Au-Cu-Ag Composite Nanoshells 4.1 Introduction As shown in recent studies‚ various methods have been developed to expand the application area of noble metal nanoparticles and to control the morphology and the behavior. Composite microspheres with noble metal nanoshells have great advantages in catalysis‚ optics‚ conductivity‚ chemical sensors‚ and so on [1–5]. Moreover‚ these hybrid materials can prevent noble metal nanoparticles from agglomerating without the use of
Premium Materials science Composite material Tensile strength
background information 2 – 4 Tensile Testing 5 - 7 Classification of Polymers 8 - 9 Summary of Classification of Polymers and Molecular Weight 10 Structure of the Materials Used in this Experiment 11 - 12 Experimental Procedures
Premium Tensile strength Polymer Elasticity
VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY HOCHIMINH CITY INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY School of Business ••• REPORT NYLON IN TRADING - COSTS AND BENEFITS ANALYSIS May 15th ‚ 2013 Lecturer: Dr. Ho Van Trung Thu Word count: TABLE OF CONTENTS Abstract …………………………………………………………………………………3 Nylons – Current status…………………………………………………………………..3 What is nylons?..................................................................................................................5 Root causes of nylons..........
Premium Waste management Polymer Plastic
diffusion for oral extened release by using micelle-forming properties and counter –charge polymer. -how it works: - a highly water soluble drug was added to a gel forming polymer matrix but with a counter polymer which slows down drug diffusion out of the matrix Advantage – for water soluble drugs‚ sustained release‚ simple to make Disadvantage – not for all water soluble drugs‚ make sure that counter-charge polymer does not bind with too high affinity to the drug‚ and does not interact with the drug
Premium Dosage form Pharmacology Solubility