determine the reaction time of the test participant and using the subtractive method identify the selection time and identification time of the participant. The experiments had one participant who participated in a total of 6 experiments; two experiments required a simple reaction with a single stimulus and 4 experiments that required a more complicated reaction. Keywords Subtractive method – the procedure of estimating the time it takes to perform various cognitive operations. Simple reaction – this
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SN1 Reactions For SN1 reactions it’s important to have a good leaving group because this reaction occurs in two steps. Because alcohol is such a poor leaving group it needs to be helped by silver nitrate to help promote the ionization of the alkyl halide. This helps form the products of the SN1 reaction. 2-chlorobutane This reaction didn’t occur because the carbocation isn’t stable enough for an SN1 reaction. 2-bromobutane This reaction occurred in 32 seconds. This reaction occurred quickly
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Aldol In this preparative lab‚ an aldol (trans-p-anisalacetophenone) was produced from the reaction between p-anisaldehyde and acetophenone with the presence sodium hydroxide. The reaction also showed the importance of an enolate and the role it played in the mechanism. Sodium hydroxide acts as a catalyst in this experiment and is chosen because of its basic conditions and pH. The acetophenone carries an alpha hydrogen that has a pKa between 18 and 20. This alpha hydrogen is acidic because of its
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Properties and Reactions of Hydrocarbons Abstract Introduction Hydrocarbons are organic materials that contain only carbon and hydrogen atoms‚ these molecules can be saturated or unsaturated and acyclic‚ cyclic‚ or aromatic. In this experiment we used a variety of methods to examine the physical and chemical properties of hydrocarbons. The first experiment we tested a variety of solvents to see if they dissolved our alkane (Decalin). One would expect that non-polar solvents will dissolve
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Coursework Rates of Reaction Research The rate of reaction tells us how quickly a chemical reaction takes place. It is important for people in industry to know how fast a reaction goes. They have to know exactly how much of their product they can make each hour‚ day or week. In a shampoo factory‚ the rate might be 100 bottles per minute. We can’t work out the rate of a reaction from its chemical equation. Equations can only tells us how much product we can get. They don’t say how quickly
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BIOL2220 Lab 3: Hill Reaction Introduction In 1937‚ Robert Hill discovered that isolated chloroplasts can generate oxygen when they are illuminated in the presence of a suitable electron acceptor‚ even in the absence of carbon dioxide. This finding was a landmark in the study of photosynthesis because it established that the source of the electrons used in the light reactions is water. It also confirmed that the released oxygen is derived from water instead of carbon dioxide. In chloroplasts
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J.C. Penney gets rid of hundreds of sales Penney’s new CEO unveils new pricing strategy to investors‚ borrowing from Wal-Mart’s playbook By Anne d’Innocenzio‚ AP Retail Writer | Associated Press – Wed‚ Jan 25‚ 2012 6:00 PM EST NEW YORK (AP) -- J.C. Penney is permanently marking down all of its merchandise by at least 40 percent so shoppers no longer have to wait for sales to get bargains. Penney said Wednesday that it is getting rid of the hundreds of sales it offers each year in favour of a
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Reminder: These notes are meant to supplement‚ not replace the laboratory manual. SN1 Reaction Notes Background and Application Substitution Nucleophilic First Order (SN1) reactions are one of the most common type of organic reactions. SN1 reactions can be used to make a wide variety of new compounds. In this experiment‚ t-amyl alcohol will be converted by a SN1 mechanism to 2-chloro-2-methylbutane. Safety Precautions Concentrated Hydrochloric Acid is 12M. It will cause visible destruction
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CHAPTER 1 THE PROBLEM: RATIONALE AND BACKGROUND Introduction Hospitality students who graduate today face many challenges when finding a job in today’s competitive job market. Graduates must meet the expectations of the prospective companies as well as recruiters’ expectations. If they are negative‚ it will take a lot of success to reverse the first impression which is marked by frustrated expectations‚ inability to find suitable and decent jobs‚ and inefficient job search. When investment
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One of the main conflicts in the film Broken Chain is the possession of land and resources. It has been the root of all conflicts since Europeans arrived in the New World. The British used Native Americans to their advantages in order to drive the French out of America so they can control majority of the land. The film also symbolizes a conflict between two Mohawk brothers‚ Thayendanega and Lohaheo. These blood brothers were warriors who helped the British fight the French in the duel for North America
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