molecules are often linked together to form medium-length chains called oligosaccharides‚ or very long chains called polysaccharides. The chemical and physical properties of monosaccharides and polysaccharides are different and can be detected with specific chemical tests. Glucose is an example of a monosaccharide that can be linked together in long chains to make a polysaccharide called starch. Even though starch is made up of glucose‚ in chemical tests the two
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Part I: Biotechnology Bio – “life”; Techno – “tools”; ologoy – “the study of” The use of living systems and organisms to develop or make useful products Any technological application that uses biological systems‚ living organisms or derivatives thereof‚ to make or modify products or processes for specific use It is an interdisciplinary field merging basic sciences‚ applied science‚ and engineering Branches of Biotechnology a. Bioinformatics – an interdisciplinary field addresses biological problems
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(alkaline) human body range: 7.2-7.4 Biological molecules (organic molecules) Carbohydrates: easily used and best source of energy contain carbon‚ oxygen‚ hydrogen types: monosaccharide (small chain of carbons)‚ disaccharide (two monos)‚ polysaccharide (many monos) linked by dehydration synthesis example: glucose Lipids: insoluble‚ contain more energy than carbs but harder to break down fats: contain 3
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monosaccharides‚ disaccharides and polysaccharides. Monosaccharides are the simplest of carbohydrates‚ they may contain as few as three carbons but the ones that have a key role in energy storage have six carbons. Disaccharides serve as transport molecules in plants and provide nutrition in animals; they are used by plants for transporting glucose around the plant as disaccharides are not easily metabolised‚ but disaccharides are usually consumed by humans and animals. Polysaccharides provide energy storage
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went about deriving his results by means of using two strains of Pneumoccocus (Streptococcus pneumonia) bacteria which he used to infect several mice. A type smooth strain and a type rough strain. The smooth strain has its components covered by a polysaccharide capsule‚ which gives it the ability to live in adverse conditions and divide rapidly through a process called Binary fission. Adverse conditions in the context of this experiment would mean “protection from white blood cells” The third line of
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Polymers have different structures. They also have different functions. Describe how the structures of different polymers relate to their function? Polymers a large molecules made up of a chain of smaller molecules‚ known as monomers. The monomers that a polymer is made up of decide its structure and therefore it’s function. These monomers are linked and coiled in a very specific manor giving the polymer a specific tertiary structure (an extensively coiled and linked polymer chain caused as a
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ABSTRACT The hypothesis which states that the simpler the nature of substrate‚ the faster the rate of cellular respiration of yeast was tested using the smith fermentation tube method. The experiment used six smith fermentation tubes‚ distilled water and sugar substrates. It composed of six set-ups which used 15ml of 10% yeast suspension‚ 15 ml distilled water and 15 ml of their assigned sugar substrate namely: starch‚ lactose‚ sucrose glucose and fructose respectively. Set-up six was the
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supportive structures in plants (cellulose)‚crustacean shells (chitin)‚ and connective tissues in animals (glucosaminoglycans); and are essential components of nucleic acids (D-ribose and 2-deoxy-D-ribose). Monosaccharides‚ oligosaccharides‚ and polysaccharides are theclassifications of carbohydrates. This experiment involves the carbohydrates starch‚ glucose‚ fructose‚ maltose‚ xylose‚ and sucrose. These carbohydrates are the standards to be used in determining the unknown sample with the help of
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Paraphrase: Bacillus subtilis‚ known also as the hay bacillus or grass bacillus‚ engage for survival and competitive success in its natural habitats‚ B.subtilis shed light on the conduct of this organism throughout industrial fermentation. Certainly‚ the high adaptability of B.subtilis to environmental changes and insults stands at the basis of its success‚ not only in its character but also in marketable applications. Paraphrase: S.typhi might be younger than the split between the humans and the
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Sept 27‚ 2010 Chapter 4 * With four valence electrons‚ carbon can form four covalent bonds with a variety of atoms * This tetra valence makes large‚ complex molecules possible * Fundamental groups: Alkanes and Alkenes * The electron configuration of carbon gives it covalent compatibility with many different elements * The valences of carbon and its most frequent partners (hydrogen‚ oxygen‚ and nitrogen) are the “building code” that governs the architecture of living
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