BIOLOGY 114 MOLECULAR AND CELL BIOLOGY PRACTICAL MANUAL DEPARTMENT OF MICROBIAL‚ BIOCHEMICAL AND FOOD BIOTECHNOLOGY FACULTY OF NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES UNIVERSITY OF THE FREE STATE 2012 Lecturers Prof. E. van Heerden Room 8 Department of Microbial‚ Biochemical and Food Biotechnology Prof. J. Albertyn Room 51 Department of Microbial‚ Biochemical and Food Biotechnology Practical time table Week Week begin Tutorial Tutoriaal Prac. and lecturer Prak
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Campbell’s Biology‚ 9e (Reece et al.) Chapter 5 The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules In Chapter 5‚ the principles of chemistry covered in earlier chapters are applied to the understanding of biological polymers and lipid membranes. The emphasis is on properly linking monomers and their polymers‚ and on the structural and functional diversity of the different polymer types. Particular attention is given to protein structure‚ because this is central to understanding subsequent
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What are the central ideas of Cells? • What are cells? – Cells are the smallest basic unit of living things. • What do they do? – Cells take in raw materials and making new substances. • Why do they do this? – In cells‚ organelles carry out activities to keep the organism alive. – E.g. synthesising proteins and fats‚ releasing energy from glucose. What are the central ideas of Movement of Substances? • What processes describe how substances move from one region to another? –
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preferences. Arthropods are characterized by the possession of a segmented body with appendages on each segment. They have a dorsal heart and a ventral nervous system. All arthropods are covered by a hard exoskeleton that is made out of chitin‚ a polysaccharide. Periodically‚ an arthropod sheds this covering when it moults. This covering makes arthropods less prone to dehydration. The success of the arthropods is related to their hard exoskeleton‚ segmentation‚ and jointed appendages. The appendages
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Exam 1 Study Guide 75 points total ~25 multiple choice questions‚ includes fill-in-the-blank‚ fill-in-the-table and matching 1 essay question‚ drawn from the possible essay questions below – 20 points Approximate chapter breakdown: 5% Lecture 1 – Introduction to Biology 5% Lecture 2 – The Scientific Method 20% Lecture 3 – The Chemistry of Life 25% Lecture 4 – Biological Molecules 25% Lecture 5 – The Cell 20% Lecture 6 – Cell Membranes Example Question 1. White blood cells are responsible
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happens at each stop on the journey. Digestion process of carbohydrates: 1. Mouth- moistening of food due to the action of the salivary glands‚ polysaccharides breaks down by the salivary amylase. 2. Pulpy acidic fluid called chyme enters the stomach. Stomach acids destroy bacteria in the chyme. 3. In the small intestine (duodenum) and pancreas polysaccharides firstly breaks down into the disaccharides due to the action of pancreatic amylase and then to the monosaccharides due to action of such enzymes
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[pic] Inorganic ions ➢ Inorganic ions are important for the structures and metabolism of all living organism ➢ An ion is an atom or a group of atom which has overall electric charge. ➢ Inorganic ion are water soluble |Ions |Roles/Functions | |Calcium (Ca2+) |Make teeth and bones | |
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Vitamins Hormones‚ Neurotransmitters Carbohydrates‚ Sugars Disaccharides Monomers: Amino acids Nucleotides Phosphate Monosaccharides Polymers: Peptide‚ Oligopeptide‚ Polypeptide‚ Protein Nucleic acid‚ i.e. DNA‚ RNA Oligosaccharide‚ Polysaccharide Macromolecules: Prions Nucleosides & Nucleotides Nucleosides are molecules formed by attaching a nitrogenous base to a ribose ring. Examples of these include cytidine‚ uridine‚ adenosine‚ guanosine‚ thymidine and inosine.
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light stage‚ base Protein‚ peptide bond‚ simple sugar‚ polysaccharide‚ lipid‚ adipose tissue Biuret reagent‚ iodine‚ Benedict’s reagent‚ Sudan IV‚ spot test Positive control‚ negative control Eukaryote‚ prokaryote‚ yeast‚ budding‚ cilia‚ pseudopod‚ chloroplast‚ nucleus‚ cytoplasmic streaming‚ chromoplast‚
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Isolation and identification of an unknown bacterium Pillay‚ Esmerelda (209504371) School of Biochemistry‚ Genetics and Microbiology Department of Microbiology University of Kwa-zulu Natal 25 October 2010 ABSTRACT Different types of bacteria in various forms are found all around us‚ and it is a microbiologist’s job to be able to identify these bacteria. Using various staining techniques and physiological tests‚ an isolated bacterium can be identified. In this experiment‚ a single bacterial
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