Church-controlled Templars under his authority‚ Philip also sought to assert his dominance over the Catholic Church and the newly-instated Pope Clement V; Julien Théry refers to this as the “pontificalisation of the French monarchy. Philip’s fractured relationship with the Catholic Church and the power struggle between the two bodies dated back to his conflict with Pope Boniface VIII and his arrest of the Bishop of Pamiers‚ Bernard
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Explain how the Christological councils of Nicaea‚ Constantinople‚ Ephesus and Chalcedon were a “tug of war” (a dialect) between the humanity and the divinity of Jesus. A Christological council was a meeting that had certain individuals gather together and discuss problems or a situation about Christianity. There were at least two sides opposing each other’s views. Often it was very intense in the
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Be able to match descriptions with key figures in the early Church history. Ambrose: 1. Popular political leader in Milan. 2. Drafted as bishop in 374 Athanasius: 1. Elder and eventually bishop of Alexandria. 2. Was exiled several times Augustine: 1. Became a believer under Ambrose. 2. Became boshop of hippo 3. Strongly against Donatists and Pelagians. Chtysostom: 1. An elder and eventually a bishop (against his will) in Antioch. Cyril: 1. Bishop of Alexandria. 2. Viewed Jesus as one person
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Many conflicts between the papacy and various European monarchies centered around the separation of Church and State. As a result‚ the struggle for power between the kings and popes left a lasting effect on European society. Unlike other monarchies‚ the french kings were able to establish a good relationship with the papacy. However‚ this all changes when Boniface VIII is elected as pope.The conflict between Philip IV of France and Boniface VIII starts because of the papal bull Clericis Laicos (1296)
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Bellarmine to keep quiet of his ideas or else stronger measures would be taken. Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems was very popular book published in 1632. Pope Urban VIII‚ who saw it as mockery of himself had the book be examined by a special commission. The commission reported with many accusations against Galileo. Pope Urban VIII turned over this problem to the Inquisition. The General Congregation announced that Galileo
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tragedy when her young husband‚ Arthur died in 1502.Henry VII wanted to marry Catherine to his younger son‚ who would be‚ Henry VIII so that he did not lose the dowry money from Catherine’s parents and to secure some other agreements between the two countries. In the Catholic Church‚ it was forbidden to marry the wife of a deceased brother. A papal dispensation was required for the marriage. It was easily obtained from Pope Julius II. Henry VII died before the marriage took place but Henry VIII immediately
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pagan school but his father taught him his religion as well. Jerome began to like the pagan writings and lost some of his love and faith for God. Although Jerome grew up learning the pagan background due to his schooling‚ he decided to be baptized by Pope Liberius in 360 AD. Jerome then decided to live in the desert and resided there for four years. He started out with some of his friends and some of them died and other decided to leave the desert. He entered the desert for penance from his love of
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century England was torn by a series of civil wars between two dynasties‚ the Yorkists and the Lancastrians. The wars ended in 1485 when Henry Tudor won the battle of Bosworth and gained the throne of England. Henry Tudor (1457-1509) was crowned Henry VII on 30 October 1485 beginning a new dynasty. In January 1486 he married Elizabeth of York‚ daughter of Edward IV‚ uniting the dynasties of York and Lancaster. However the Yorkists were unwilling to accept the situation. In 1487 they attempted a rebellion
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because Pope Urabn II accepted to help the Byzantine Empire by reuniting the Christians under his commandership and provide Empror Alexios I‚ who was the emperor of Byzantine Empire with military support‚ while the Byzantine Empire was facing difficulties due to the territory loss during the initial Islamic conquest in 1071. By taking a public vow and receiving indulgences from the church‚ several hundred thousands of Roman Catholic Christians all over the Europe became crusaders. Pope Urban II
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(Augusta) from Pope John XII. For many years after this ceremony an Emperor would be proclaim in German lands which would become the Holy Roman Empire. The formative years of the Holy Roman Empire‚ included the papal decline and recovery of Rome in addition to the struggle for power. A pope is in need of help from the Frankish king. After being physically attacked by his enemies in the streets of Rome. It is not known what is agreed‚ but Charlemagne travels to Rome in 800 to support the pope. But unexpectedly
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