church over its people. There are good and bad things that came out of the Crusades; the heart of the people and the corruption of man. But where does the story start? The call to fight started in November 27‚ 1095 during the Council of Clermont under Pope Urban II. Urban address the Council and sent his priests out to give sermons to motivate the people. This was in response to the Eastern Emperor Alexios’ request for help. Urban’s call was heard throughout the land that any man who went and fought
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Catholic Church was very corrupt. Priests would not know what they were teaching‚ and some did not even know Latin. Latin was the language the Bible was written in (History of Bible Translations np). Nobles and political figures would elect a Pope‚ and sometimes the Pope would not be religious or even a
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Lateran Council‚ Pope Innocent specifically forbids “anyone out of cupidity to dare to bind someone with the bond of excommunication” (Geary 399). This suggests that some bishops were using excommunication for the purpose of levying a monetary penalty for absolution. Again‚ excommunication would not have been in danger of misuse if it had no effect which further illustrates that it was successful. Additionally‚ this section of the canon implies that members of the clergy other than the Pope had the authority
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of the west or east of Rome since its demise. The term “papacy” (papatus)‚ meant to distinguish the Roman bishop’s office from all bishoprics (episcopatus)‚ and The Head of the Roman Catholic Church the pope is considered the successor of Peter and the vicar of Christ (Elwell‚ p. 888). The “pope” is a terms of endearment which means “father” and this was the title of the most important and influential bishops in the early church. The church at Rome nevertheless enjoyed and wanted to preserve the
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Henry VIII began his reign as a loyal Catholic‚ accepting the Pope as head of the Church. The Pope even gave Henry the title‚ ‘Defender of the Faith’. However‚ this time of peace between Henry VIII and Rome did not last forever! Henry had married Catherine of Aragon‚ the daughter of the King of Spain (an important Roman Catholic ruler). Henry and Catherine were happily married for nearly twenty years. However‚ to carry on his line‚ Henry needed a healthy male heir. Unfortunately‚ Catherine gave
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Lecture 2. THE REFORMATION Recap: • Political organisation: and development of Renaissance monarchies‚ move towards centralised orgnans of administration‚ expanded bureaucracies‚ use of media to burnish image of rulers • Renaissance: individualism‚ man as autonomous moral agent‚ capacity to do good or evil • Society: large percentage‚ subsitance existance. Much more space for the divine than today • History as relationship with the past: the process of our own interaction with the pas as
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Europe. In the Catholic kingdom‚ religion was very important and organized. First‚ their religion was the Catholic Christianity‚ and in the church hierarchy‚ there were different classes. The highest class was the pope‚ the second was the bishops‚ and lastly was the priests. Basically‚ the pope was considered to be the ruler of the Christian world (Ellis 193). Just how the Catholic religion was organized‚ so was the feudal system in Western Europe. The feudal systems contained social hierarchy‚ and the
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based on a single speech. Jonathan Philips argues that Pope Urban II’s speech in 1095 had managed to draw together a number of key concerns and trends‚ synthesising them into a “single‚ highly popular idea”‚ which led to the First Crusade. Described often as an ambitious politician‚ it is certain that the Pope intended this to happen‚ for various motives‚ and his audience were ready consumers of the information he proclaimed to them. Pope Urban’s motives for his iconic speech in Clermont were largely
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exertion of power. Thus‚ a spirit of reform came about‚ spearheaded by Pope Gregory VII. He laid out assertions of power that were to be uniform across the Catholic world‚ with such edicts as: The Pope alone would appoint or depose bishops The Pope alone would have his feet kissed by princes The Pope alone could depose emperors None of the Popes judgments could be overturned‚ except by he himself No one could judge the Pope The Pope’s decisions were infallible With such sweeping powers‚ plus
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With the fall of the Roman Empire‚ and leadership within changed. Because of this‚ the position of the papacy would change dramatically in the area of authority and response to threat. The papacy came to be the one living relic of times gone by‚ yet its job title in time would be revamped. The power that the papacy achieved was not quick. Also‚ rather than being a simple and extendable increase in power‚ the power that was achieved came about through a roller coaster of situations. The papacy
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