The Republic of Scotland: naive dream or justified claim? The ‘Land of Wiskys’s’ independence movement is delighted to see the headlines of today’s newspapers. Though there have been arguments and even riots about independence since the unification of the English and Scottish Crown back in 1603‚ the recent development of David Cameron’s approval of a referendum planned for 2014 finally provides the opportunity for the Scottish to achieve separation from the UK. The issue is currently divided into
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In this exhortatation by Pope John Paul II‚ I found important reminders addressed to every family and to those who are planning to make a family. The pope reminds them to be responsible in their obligation as spouses‚ to participate the Church’s call to educate their children‚ to help our brothers and sisters who are living in poverty‚ and to have foresight. Every married couple has a responsibility to give support to their children. They should give them their rights and treat them as human beings
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Early Life Pope John Paul II was born as Karol Józef Wojtyła on May 18‚ 1920. He was born in a Polish town called Wadowice‚ Poland‚ which is about 35 miles Southwest of Krakow. Wadowice is a town that was 80% Catholic and 20% Jewish. His father‚ also Karol Wojtyla‚ was a retired Army officer and tailor‚ while his mother‚ Emilia Kaczorowska Wojtyla‚ was a schoolteacher from Lithuania. Karol had an older brother who was the pride of the family as a Physician and an infant sister that died before
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The Crusades were “wars fought to regain holy land from the Muslims” (Perry‚ Chase and Jacob). These Crusades were fought by the Christians. The first Crusade was started by Pope Urban II in 1095 and in 1099 it resulted in a successful capture of Jerusalem. The second Crusade was to recapture the city of Edessa from the Muslims‚ and were humiliated and failed. The third Crusade was to recapture Jerusalem from the Muslims‚ which also failed due to illness. The fourth Crusade was to again‚ try to take
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The Crusades were a series of Holy Wars launched by the Christian states of Europe against the Saracens and the rescuing of holy places of Palestine from the hands of the Mohammedans. (Alchin 1) There were eight Crusades in number; the first four were sometimes called the Principal Crusades‚ and the remaining four were the called the Minor Crusades. (Alchin 1) The Principal Crusades‚ however‚ were considered to be the most important. (Alchin 1) The Principal Crusades started because of key people
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~~~FIRST CRUSADE - After the Normans had settled in France and conquered England‚ both France and England‚ and also the Holy Roman Empire‚ were stronger than they had been since the time of Charlemagne. Their kings and queensbegan to think‚ as he had‚ of reconquering the whole Mediterranean and recreating the Roman Empire. In particular‚ they wanted to take Jerusalem‚ the city ofJesus Christ‚ away from the Islamic Fatimids who were ruling it. In 1095 AD Pope Urban made a great speech at Clermont
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holy land from Saladin in the third crusade? Forty years after the failure of the Second Crusade‚ Richard I of England‚ Philip II of France and Barbarossa leader of Germany all ended their conflicts to assist the Third Crusade (1189-1192). Saladin‚ who captured Jerusalem in 1187‚ had unified Syria and Egypt in the past‚ making him a very powerful adversary and an excellent military leader. Losing the Holy Land was too shameful for Christendom‚ so with the Pope ’s blessing‚ dozens of thousands of
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The Three Crusades There were three Crusades and they all took different routes from western Europe to Palestine. THE FIRST CRUSADE - The first crusade began in A.D. 1095. Pope Urban II mounted a platform outside the church at Clermont‚ France. The crowd shouted "Deus vult!" in response to the pope’s plea. Knights and peasants alike vowed to join the expedition to the Holy Land. For knights‚ the Crusade was a welcome chance to employ their fighting skills. For peasants‚ the Crusade
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Hours of Pope John Paul II It was Saturday‚ April 2‚ around 2:30 PM‚ when the Pope John Paul II passed away. Hours before‚ thousands of people clogged Rome’s streets of Peters Square‚ as the Pope John Paul II awaited his passing. Tourists‚ Romans and religious followers gathered to show their regards. This was no easy passing for the Pope‚ he lead nearly one billion Catholics over his twenty-six year papacy. In his last hour‚ everyone noticed a sense of finality with Pope John Paul II and his
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The First Crusade (1096–1099) was a military expedition by Roman Catholic Europe to regain the Holy Lands taken in the Muslim conquests of the Levant (632–661)‚ ultimately resulting in the recapture of Jerusalem in 1099. It was launched on 27 November 1095 by Pope Urban II with the primary goal of responding to an appeal from Byzantine Emperor Alexios I Komnenos‚ who requested that western volunteers come to his aid and help to repel the invading Seljuq Turks from Anatolia. An additional goal soon
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