HISTORY OF ACCOUNTING Primitive Accounting Traced as far as 8500 BC in Mesopotamia through the use of clay like: a. Record for paid wages b. Record purposes‚ as general Pyramids in Egypt‚ for the costs of structures Other places like China‚ Babylon‚ and Greece Middle Ages More formal account-keeping methods were developed by the merchants and banks. Double-entry records first appeared in Genoa in 1340 AD. First accounting book was written by Contrugli in Naples Summa de Arithmetica
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ACCOUNTING ASSUMPTIONS‚ PRINCIPLES‚ AND CONSTRAINTS Phil Toms March 29‚ 2013 The basic assumptions are monetary unit assumption and the economic entity assumption. The monetary unit assumption requires that companies include in the accounting records only transaction data that can be expressed in terms of money. This assumption enables accounting to measure economic events. The monetary unit assumption is vital to applying the cost principle. An economic entity can be any organization
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September 10‚ 2013 The Ins and Outs of Accounting The primary focus of this text is to educate and inform readers about what it is like to live and function in the world of Accounting. Although we deal with numbers every day of our lives we often overlook what all goes into becoming a skilled Accountant. The significance of accounting plays a vast role in the financial health of an organization‚ its failure and or growth and development‚ the stock market‚ and the financial future of our lives
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Subject: Submission of Term Paper on “Partnership Accounting”. Dear Madam‚ It is an honor for us to submit the `Project Report’ on “Partnership Accounting” which is prepared as a partial requirement of the course named “Accounting Principles (F- 103)” of BBA program under Department of Finance of the Faculty of Business Studies‚ University of Dhaka. The main objective of study to help the student to have a clear concept about partnership accounting and give the idea of theoretical and mathematical
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CH3 -The accounting treatment of goodwill impairment/ detailed two-step impairment test – apart from qualitative assessment (1) if CV of reporting unit is > than FV of reporting unit‚ take step 2; if opposite‚ stop. (2) compare CV of goodwill w/ FV of goodwill; if CV is > FV‚ there might be potential impairment. CH4 -Determine the fair value of sub/the fair value of NCI – FV allocation; FV of sub = FV of CI + FV of NCI; go by mkt price if there is; use parent if there isnt -Determine goodwill
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Accounting Principles The general rules and concepts that govern the Accounting filed are referred to as the Principles of Accounting. The Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) using the groundwork of principles and guidelines has formulated these rules. They lay the foundation for sound and ethical accounting practices. The GAAP (Generally accepted accounting principles or "GAAP") consists of three important sets of rules: • The underlying accounting principles • The rules and standards
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Chapter 1 Managerial accountingis the process of identifying‚ measuring‚ analyzing‚ interpreting‚ and communicating information in pursuit of an organizations goals. Managerial accounting is an integral part of the management process‚ and managerial accountants are important strategic partners in an organizations management team. Four fundamental management processes that help organizations attain their goals Decision making‚ Planning(developing a detailed financial and operational description of
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presentation‚ the template has been set for that presentation in the appropriate cells. | | | | In general‚ the yellow highlighted cells are the cells which work and effort should be presented. These entries may include date(s)‚ account title(s)‚ values‚ memorandum appropriate to the entry‚ or text answers to questions. | | | And information or data which may be required by the solution will be entered in cells with borders to help identify them. | | Where a yellow highlighted cell shows
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CHAPTER 1 Managerial Accounting ASSIGNMENT CLASSIFICATION TABLE Brief Exercises 1 A Problems B Problems Study Objectives *1. Explain the distinguishing features of managerial accounting. Identify the three broad functions of management. Define the three classes of manufacturing costs. Distinguish between product and period costs. Explain the difference between a merchandising and a manufacturing income statement. Indicate how cost of goods manufactured is determined. Explain the difference
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primarily responsible for the Japanese accounting system being significantly different from other national systems and what influences do you consider the Japanese system will have on international accounting in the future? INTRODUCTION Japan as an accounting jurisdiction is characterized by the dominance of the state (Haller and Raffournier‚ 2003). The accounting rules have been set out in the past fifty years as statute law with an implicit objective that accounting should contribute to the growth
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