of corporal punishment‚ to discourage their children for misbehaving. Corporal punishments do not do anything to ensure that children will no longer misbehave. Whether it be spanking‚ hitting‚ or paddling a child‚ the only aspect that this form of punishment reinforces in children is fear. This fear will in turn be associated with pain‚ rather than the difference between right and wrong. Less painful and more effective means should be taken into consideration while choosing punishments. Choosing
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Negative and Positive Freedom – An Introduction Negative freedom The concept of negative freedom centres on freedom from interference. This type of account of freedom is usually put forward in response to the following sort of question: What is the area within which the subject – a person or group of persons – is or should be left to do or be what he is able to do or be‚ without interference by other persons? (Berlin) Or‚ more simply‚ ‘Over what area am I master?’ Theories of negative freedom spell
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close to you; your response is to take a step back from that person. Pressure is uncomfortable. Pressure is anything that demands a response from the horse. (Anderson). It is a reward not to have pressure on him. Positive reinforcement increases the desired behavior (Rathus‚ 130). Positive reinforcement is used by releasing pressure off of the horse. Releasing the pressure would be taking a step backwards to signal that the horse could stop trotting and relax. Negative reinforcement increases the
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Positive and normative statements The importance of detecting bias in arguments Whenever you are reading articles on current affairs it is important to be able to distinguish between objective and subjective statements. Often‚ the person writing an article has a particular argument to make and will include subjective statements about what ought to be or what should be happening. Their articles carry value judgements; they are trying to persuade you of the particular merits or demerits of
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us that “happiness is when what you think‚ what you say‚ and what you do are in harmony”. Therefore‚ happiness can’t be forced. Happiness will be with us if we just let things go and keep cool. Martin Seligman‚ one of the leading researchers in positive psychology and author of Authentic Happiness‚ describes happiness as having three parts: pleasure‚ engagement‚ and meaning. Pleasure is the “feel good” part of happiness. Engagement refers to living a “good life” of work‚ family‚ friends‚ and hobbies
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have better social relationships and more pleasant everyday lives. For example‚ very happy people have highly satisfying relationships with friends‚ romantic partners‚ and family members and that‚ compared to their less happy peers‚ they report more positive events and emotions in their daily lives relative to negative ones. Happy people are more extraverted‚ more agreeable‚ and less neurotic. Some studies have shown that subjective happiness is one of the key factors in subjective well-being and overall
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Treatment and Punishment of Crime Angle of attack= which is more effective‚ treatment or punishment? A significant question that is asked about offenders is how can they be prevented from re-offending? There have been a number of therapies and treatments developed by psychologists in order to change offending behaviour. Three main ones are; behaviour modification (token economies)‚ anger management and social skills training (SST). The government have also added measurements such as ‘zero
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A positive feedback loop occurs when the production of a reaction leads to an increase in that reaction. If a system is in homeostasis‚ a positive feedback loop moves a system further away from the target of equilibrium. It does this by amplifying the effects of a product or event and occurs when something needs to happen quickly. An example of this type of feedback loop in the endocrine system is occurs during childbirth. When labor begins. The baby’s head is pushed downwards‚ resulting in an increased
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Examine The Key Philosophical Justifications For Punishment ’Punishment proceeds on the principle that there is an eternal distinction between right and wrong‚ and that this distinction must be maintained for its own sake’ (Dictionary.com‚ 2012). In this essay I will examine the idea of revenge‚ retributivism and just desert‚ utilitarianism and deterrence and finally restorative approaches as the key philosophical justifications for punishment. The aim of this essay will be to argue that there
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1.1 Describe the Policies and Procedures of the setting relevant to promoting Children and Young People’s positive behaviour. Every setting should have a behaviour policy‚ in England‚ it is a legal requirement for early years setting. This is a document to promote a positive behaviour of children and adults involved in the setting‚ it will help all staff to know what we should do in different situations. As a part of this policy there will also be procedures for staff to follow‚ such as‚ showing
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