SYSTEM APPROACH A system is an interrelated and interdependent set of elements functioning as a whole. It is an open system that interacts with its environment. It is composed of inputs from the environment (material or human resources)‚ transformation processes of inputs to finished goods (technological and managerial processes)‚ outputs of those finished goods into the environment (products or services)‚ and feedback (reactions from the environment). Subsystems are systems within a broader
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When I reflect on the meaning of positive psychology‚ a multitude of thoughts and ideas come to mind. Positive psychology is not simply defined and I imagine it has different meanings for different people‚ based on their backgrounds and unique perspectives. I am drawn to the concept of positive psychology because it places considerable emphasis on positive aspects of human life and behavior. People do however‚ experience legitimate problems and sufferings in life and I believe we need to be careful
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Advantages & Disadvantages of Positive Reinforcement Significance Positive reinforcement at work occurs when a person is rewarded to encourage a behavior. In the workplace‚ positive reinforcement can occur in the form of praise‚ awards and recognition‚ bonuses and promotions. The most common‚ simplest form of positive reinforcement is commending someone for a job well done. Managers may dole out praise for completing a project in a timely manner‚ handling customers well‚ rising to the occasion
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Positive leadership refers to the application of positive principles and positive change. It helps leaders to become more effective in their jobs. Applying principles of positive leadership leads to extraordinary performance. Positive leadership has three connotations: 1) It refers to the facilitation of extraordinarily positive performance – that is‚ positively deviant performance. Outcomes that exceed common or expected performance. 2) Affirmative bias – or a focus on strengths and capabilities
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congratulates him/her. This is an example of a positive reinforcement. There are four main types of reinforcement. These reinforcements are: positive reinforcement‚ negative reinforcement‚
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In The Power of the Positive Woman‚ author Phyllis Schlafly sets out to redefine the dogmas of womanhood and introduce the Positive Woman‚ defined as someone who recognizes that women and men are different‚ and that those differences “provide the key to her success and fulfillment as a woman.” Rather than trying to eliminate the degradation of women‚ she claims that these dogmas have the opposite effect and demean women even more. On the contrary‚ Schlafly argues that these same differences some
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self-image or face wants to be respected. Face means public self image of a person; it refers to the emotional and social sense of self that everyone has and expects everyone to recognize (Yule‚ 1996:60). Face has two aspects‚ positive and negative. An individual’s positive face is reflected in his or her desires to be liked‚ approved of‚ respected of and appreciated by others. While an individual’s negative face is reflected in the desire not be impeded or put upon‚ to have the freedom to act as
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Positive-Attitude-Can-Change-The-World-Around-You The Powers of a Positive Attitude I am going to ask you to something very weird right now. First of all‚ I want you to listen to your thoughts. Now tell me‚ what thoughts fill your head? Would you label them as positive‚ or negative? Now let’s say you are walking down the street with these thoughts. Do you think anyone who would meet you would be able to tell you what’s on your mind? The answer to number one is up to you. But‚ the answer number two
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Unconditional Positive Regard is a central concept in the theories of Carl R. Rogers‚ both for psychotherapy and for interpersonal relations. A universal need for positive regard by others appears at about the same time a person begins to experience awareness of self (Rogers‚ 1959). In therapy‚ UPR is a quality of the therapist’s experience toward the client (p. 239). Rogers’ writing sheds light on various aspects of this construct: Unconditional One experiencing UPR holds ‘no conditions of acceptance
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the day: the more students used these coping strategies in dealing with the day’s most bothersome failure‚ the less satisfied they felt at the end of the day. In contrast‚ positive reframing (i.e. trying to see things in a more positive light‚ looking for something good in what happened)‚ acceptance and humour coping had positive effects on satisfaction: the more students used these coping strategies in dealing with failures‚ the more satisfied they felt at the end of the day. Dr Stoeber‚ a leading
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