examples of work done=force x distance What is work? Work in physics is the transfer of energy; work is done on an object when an applied force moves it through a distance. The link between work and energy is work done equals energy transferred. The units for the two are also the same (joules). E.g. 500J of work = 500J of kinetic energy. Work is calculated with the formula: work done=force x distance moved For example‚ if a force of 10 newton (F = 10 N) acts along point that travels 2 meters
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Action potential to occur in a neuron. This will be achieved by firstly‚ defining the purpose of neurons in the body along with a description of the components within a neuron and how they enable information to be passed through the cell membrane and on to other neurons. Secondly‚ the resting potential of a neuron will be explored with relation to the concept of selective permeability and the purpose of the Sodium - Potassium pump. Thirdly‚ the molecular basis of the Action Potential will be
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an electric light and a dark room becomes bright. Turn on a music player and sound comes through your headphones. In both situations‚ energy moves from one place to another; effect and reaction. The two different types of energy are kinetic and potential energy. Kinetic energy is the energy a moving object has because of its motion. The kinetic energy of a moving object depends on the object’s mass and its speed. The kinetic energy of a moving object can be calculated from this equation: Kinetic
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685N and your belongings have a weight of 915N. How much work does the elevator do in lifting you and your belongings 5 stories (15.2m)? Solution: W= (685N+915N) (15.2m) W= (1600N) (15.2m) W= 24‚320Nm or J Section 2 Gravitational Potential Energy: 6. A 0.15kg ball is thrown 9.0m straight up. What is the work done by the gravitational force? And what is the change in PE? (Notice anything?) Solution: PE= m*a*h PE= (0.15kg) (9.8 m/s^2) (9.0) PE= 13.23 kg m^2/s^2 or J - The
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Resting membrane potentials Definition: Large nerve fibers when not transmitting nerve signals is about 90 millivolt. That is‚ the potential inside the fiber is 90 millivolts more negative than the potential in the extracellular fluid on the outside of the fiber. The Na+-k+ pump also causes large concentration gradients for sodium and potassium across the resting nerve membrane. These gradients are the following: Sodium ( outside): 142 mEq/L Sodium ( inside): 14 mEq/L Potassium ( outside):
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RESTING POTENTIAL Resting potential is the membrane potential when a neuron is not conducting any electrical impulse or signal. The resting potential is around -75 mV. During resting potential‚ the inside of the axon is negative GRADED POTENTIAL ACTION POTENTIAL Action potential is a fleeting reversal of the membrane potential‚ caused by changes in permeability of the plasma membrane of neuron to potassium and sodium ions causing an electrical impulse to be transmitted along the axon.
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What is an action potential? To put it simply‚ it is a message that is sent down the nervous line. The message is written and is sent from the central nervous system. That message is addressed to muscles or glands. This essay will explain what happens before‚ during‚ and after an interneuron action potential. To accurately define an action potential‚ it is part of the incredible course of events that occur during the firing of a neuron. When a neuron is not firing signals‚ the interior of the
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BIOL 3810-504 Compound Action Potentials Date Performed: 15FEB2011 Date Due: 01MAR2011 Introduction Neurons are the cells that receive and transmit electrical signals (University of North Texas‚ 2010). The ability of the neuron to conduct these impulses is because of an electrochemical voltage across the plasma membrane of that neuron. An action potential is an all or nothing response to a stimulus along a single axon. A compound action potential is a graded response that results from
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(a) Define the term equilibrium potential and use the Nernst equation (see Appendix) to show how the equilibrium potentials for both sodium and potassium are calculated. Equilibrium potential is the potential of the membrane when there is no net flow of ions from one gradient to the other gradient. The ions are equal and are opposite of each other but not moving from one side to the other. Sodium: Ena=2.303((8.31 J m-1 K-1)(310K))/((1(= 9.65 x 104 c m-1))(log(150/15))= 61.54 mV Ek=2.303((8
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N09/4/PHYSI/SPM/ENG/TZ0/XX+ 88096504 Physics standard level PaPer 1 Monday 16 November 2009 (afternoon) 45 minutes INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES • Do not open this examination paper until instructed to do so. • Answer all the questions. • For each question‚ choose the answer you consider to be the best and indicate your choice on the answer sheet provided. 8809-6504 16 pages © International Baccalaureate Organization 2009 – 2 – 1. N09/4/PHYSI/SPM/ENG/TZ0/XX+ The
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