_____ 3. Questions 15 points/ _____ Lactase enzyme lab OBJECTIVES: 1. Understand how biological molecules are essential to the survival of living organisms * * 2. Compare the structures and functions of the major biological molecules(carbohydrates‚ proteins‚ lipids‚ and nucleic acids) as related to the survival of organisms. * 3. Investigate and describe the structure and function of enzymes and explain their importance in biological systems
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Experiment #1 1. At substrate concentration‚ the enzyme is working at “maximum efficiency.” With a concentration at 40‚ it produced 2‚339 products. 2. The maximum velocity of a reaction is reached when the active sites are almost continuously filled. Increased substrate concentration after this point will not increase the rate. The reaction rate increases as substrate concentration is increased. It will soon level off though. 3. When the concentration is at low substrate‚ most of the enzyme
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1. A) I would expect the active site of nylonase to consist mainly of polar amino acids with a few nonpolar amino acids as well because the substrate for nylonase is polar overall‚ but has many nonpolar bonds. What makes me think that the nylonase enzyme is polar is that the substrate that would bind to the active site of nylonase has extreme polarity between carbon and oxygen‚ and between hydrogen and nitrogen due to their differences in electronegativity’s‚ but it still has the nonpolar bonds between
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How Greasy Are Your Potato Chips? Dr. Camille Passalacqua January 31‚ 2014 Potato Chips 1 Introduction When people eat a bag of potato chips they do not usually look to see how many calories are in each bag. Potato chips come in a variety of flavors‚ including: barbecue‚ sour cream and onion‚ and salt and vinegar. According to Harvard University analysis the average person eats about 6 lbs of potato chips a year. The purpose of this experiment was to inform readers
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Potato Juice Excellent Tonic: Skin Disorder: Angular cheilitis – One of the most important purposes of potato juice is for treating angular cheilitis‚ a common skin disorder characterized by redness and swelling of the mouth corners. Potato juice is known to be an effective anti-inflammatory so applying this on the corners of your mouth can tone down the lesions in no time. If you make it a habit to drink potato juice every day‚ you’ll get enough vitamin B complex‚ which you need to fight angular
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Measuring the Water Status of Potato Tubers Objectives: Upon completion of this laboratory you should be able to: 1. determine the water potential of a plant tissue by the Chardokov and gravimetric techniques and understand the underlying theory. 2. determine the osmotic potential of a plant extract by the freezing point depression method and understand the underlying theory. 3. describe techniques for measuring the pressure potential of a plant tissue. 4. describe techniques for measuring
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Discussion The primary purpose of this experiment was to determine the optimum temperature range for the activity of the enzyme lactase. Extreme temperatures can have a detrimental effect on enzymes; very hot temperatures can cause the denaturation in the enzyme‚ which is the loss of protein structure. This causes a change in the shape of the enzyme leading to its inability to perform its function. As previously stated‚ the alternate hypothesis read: the optimal temperature range for lactase activity
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Seamus Heaney – ‘At a Potato Digging’ • Context • • The poem deals with two different potato harvests. One is the harvest from the present day that goes successfully and which delivers a rich crop. The second potato harvest looks back to the famine of 1845 when the crop failed and many people starved. Whilst the famine is no longer a threat‚ its ongoing fear remains and this can be seen in the use of religious language throughout the poem. For example‚ the bowed heads of the potato pickers suggest the
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Enzymes are biological molecules (proteins) that act as a catalyst and help complex reactions occur everywhere in life‚ for example a piece of steak that is being digested into energy. Molecules found at the beginning of the process are called substrates‚ and these enzymes exchange them into differing molecules known as products. Nearly all-metabolic processes in a cell need enzymes in order to function at rates that are fast enough to sustain existence. Those who are lactose intolerant are simply
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An experiment was run to determine which enzyme (pectinase‚ and cellulase or combinations of the two enzymes) maximizes juice production and would be most cost effective. The proposed hypothesis was if the enzyme‚ pectinase‚ is added to apple juice‚ then the more juice will be extracted than if cellulase were added because pectinase holds the cell wall together and if it is separated apart from each other‚ then the more juice would be able to flow out. The experimental data show that during the ten
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