Fixed Income Zero coupon bonds Professor Anh Le 1 – Zero coupon bond and zero yields A zero coupon bond (or zero for short)‚ as its name suggests‚ is a bond that pays no coupons. It only pays the face value on the maturity date. Not surprisingly‚ sellers of zero coupon bonds have to offer them at a deep discount in order to sell them to the public. For example‚ a 30‐yr zero‚ face value $1‚000 could be selling for as little as $53.54. One question you may ask right now is: i
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207-214 Beyond Budgeting: The Way Forward? Michael Goode M.Sc Accounting and Financial Management Programme University of Hertfordshire Hatfield AL10 9AB‚ UK Email: m.goode@herts.ac.uk Ali Malik‚ PhD Senior Lecturer and Programme Tutor University of Hertfordshire Hatfield AL10 9AB‚ UK Email: m.a.1.malik@herts.ac.uk Abstract Beyond Budgeting has been proposed as an influential idea that will reinvigorate management accounting contribution in business operation and performance. It is claimed that
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Coke often rejected it anyway because of its aspartame-sweetened aftertaste. “What we were seeing before Zero launched was that more and more younger people were interested in no-calorie beverages but weren’t going to sacrifice taste‚” Bayne said. “So when they got interested in no-calorie‚ they were like‚ ‘Forget it‚ I’m not going to Diet Coke.’” Testing showed that the name “Coke Zero” would be an effective way to sell a low-calorie cola to men without using the word “diet.” And advances
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Accounting for Managers 3. BUDGETING When you have completed this section‚ you should be able to: • Explain the benefits of budgeting • Describe a budgeting process • Explain the difference fixed and flexible budget • Prepare a simple flexible budget from a fixed budget • Compute variances from budget and actual data • Prepare a cash budget • Explain the setbacks of traditional budgeting • Explain the problems of budgetary slack • Explain the impact of globalization to the budgeting process
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The downturn has rendered budgets agreed last year largely irrelevant. Analyse Managers in business make decisions that affect profitability of business. For the decision to be effective and successful‚ it is important for organisation to plan and coordinate the decision. (CIMA official terminology‚ 2005) defines budget as an expression of a plan that is quantitative and can be defined over a period of time. Traditional budgeting as offered a lot of contributions in many years. Research shows that
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structured performance appraisal process to evaluate the employees on their performance which involves meeting performance objectives. But in many cases‚ there is a huge “gap” between the performance expectations and the actual performance. Here in the first part of the project‚ am trying to study Competency Based Performance Management as a tool for “Performance Management” which could drastically minimize the gap between expectations and actual performance. Competency based performance management
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What is Business Ethics? Business Ethics is the behavior that a business adheres to in its daily dealings with the world. The ethics of a particular business can be diverse. They apply not only to how the business interacts with the world at large‚ but also to their one-on-one dealings with a single customer. In the body of the essay will get into the importance of business‚ weaknesses of a business‚ and 5 strengths for a business and how to make the strength better (Center 2012). Ethics concern
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decades have seen criticisms of budgeting techniques as management cost controlling systems. We have seen many writers mention about the widespread dissatisfaction with the bureaucratic exercise in cost-cutting that budgeting is accused of having become. Budgets are accused of being out of touch with the needs of the modern business and said of taking too long‚ costing too much and encouraging all sorts of perverse behaviour. However‚ it is generally accepted that budgeting is a necessary evil‚ and that
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upon a time there was no zero. Of course people knew if they had nothing‚ but there was no mathematical notation for it. Zero was independently invented only three times. The first recorded zero is attributed to the Babylonians in the 3rd century BC. A long period followed when no one else used a zero place holder. But then the Mayans‚ halfway around the world in Central America‚ independently invented zero in the fourth century CE. The final independent invention of zero in India was long debated
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I don’t feel that the performance-based compensation for senior executive’s module is effective in the executive’s realm in every situation‚ in some companies it works and others it does not‚ it all depends the companies systems that are in place. As one article stated and I agree performance based compensation works best for routine job responsibilities such as the supervisors and lower hierarchy positions. This is a tool that can definitely motivate routine employees to work harder and strive for
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