1.0 Contracts and its Elements 1.1 Essentials of a Contract Contracts form part of our daily life e.g. lease of house‚ sale/purchase of cars‚ etc. However‚ there are elements essential to form a contract. These are: 1.1.1 Offer/Invitation MacMillan & Stone (2004) described offer as “an expression of willingness to contract on certain terms. It must be made with the intention that it will become binding upon acceptance. There must be no further negotiations or discussions required.” This can be
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Adobe System Incorporation Case Study Questions and some guidelines for solution. Point of focus: Examine the tactics by which a de facto standard is established Explore the tension between establishing a de facto standard and making money from it Analyze the drivers of winner-take-all dynamics‚ in particular network externalities Understand the importance of industry/market definition in the evolution of standards Questions 1. How was Postscript established as a de facto standard? How did Adobe
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SUMMARY Since the incorporation of Puregold‚ it has never been subjected to nor has been involved in any bankruptcy‚ receivership or similar proceedings. It was recognized as Reader’s Digest Asia’s Most Trusted Brands in 2008. Also in the same year‚ it launched a new format called “Puregold Jr. Supermarket.” By mid-2009‚ it gained market leadership being the second largest hypermarket and supermarket retailer in the Philippines in terms of net sales. By 2010‚ it opened 62 stores‚ and launched
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A contract -is a legal agreement that occurs between two or more parties. It can be a written or spoken agreement that can concern employment‚ sales‚ or tenancy. Parties or members involved‚ enter voluntarily into this agreement. Every contracts involve two persons they are the: Offeror and Offeree. The offeror is the one who offers to enter into a contract and the Offeree is the one to whom the contract is being offered Elements of a contract: Agreement‚ Lawful object‚ consideration and contractual
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CONTRACTS CONTRACT a meeting of minds between 2 persons whereby one binds himself‚ with respect to the other‚ to give something or to render some service (ARTICLE 1305) GENERAL PROVISIONS (Arts. 1305-1317) Distinguish an ordinary Contract: a.) from a Contract of marriage b.) from an obligation c.) from an imperfect promise d.) from a pact e.) from a stipulation a.) from a Contract of marriage ORDINARY CONTRACT 1. The parties may be 2 or more persons of same or different genders
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CONTRACTS Stages in the life of a contract: 1. Preparation/Generation 2. Perfection/Birth 3. Consummation/Death Characteristics of Contracts: (ROMA) 1. Relativity (Art. 1311) 2. Obligatoriness & Consensuality (Art. 1315) 3. Mutuality (Art. 1308) 4. Autonomy (Art. 1306) Stipulation pour Autrui - stipulation in favor of a 3rd party. Requisites: 1. The stipulation must be part‚ not whole of the contract; 2. the contracting parties must have clearly and deliberately conferred
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1. Shipment or delivery The obligation of Seller to ship or deliver the goods specified on the face of this Contract (“Goods”) by the time or within the period specified on the face of this Contract shall be subject to the availability of the vessel or the vessel’s space. If‚ under the terms of this Contract‚ Buyer is to secure or arrange for the vessel or vessel’s space‚ Buyer shall secure or arrange for the necessary vessel or vessel’s space on berth terms basis and give Seller shipping
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contract law agreement: objective test of intention to agree offer must be matched by other’s acceptance requirement of certainty of agreement parties have intention to create legal relations enforce promise: consideration promise is contained in a deed promissory estoppel (claimant has relied on defendant’s promise) reliance theory: consistent with the harm principle (prevent harm on others) restitution interest
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PAPER – CONTRACT 1 Define contract. Explain the essentials of valid contract. A voluntary‚ deliberate‚ and legally binding agreement between two or more competent parties. Contracts are usually written but may be spoken or implied‚ and generally have to do with employment‚ sale or lease‚ or tenancy. 1. Essentials of a valid contract All agreements are not contracts. Only that agreements which is enforceable at law is a contract. An agreement which is enforceable at law cannot be contract. Thus
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Introduction: The question of whether contract law can absorb technological change without the need for distinctive guidelines‚ presuppositions or similar rules is highly dependent on the effects of the amendments to the Electronic Transactions Act 2000 (NSW) (“ETA”). The impact of the ETA on traditional common law principles varies depending on the level of certainty and predictability available in the circumstances and how the law applies. The suitable amount of consistency is likely to vary
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