authors High Commitment Work Systems in Chinese Organizations: A Preliminary Measure Zhixing Xiao China Europe International Business School 699 Hongfeng Road‚ Shanghai 201206‚ P. R. China xzhixing@ceibs.edu Ingmar Björkman Swedish School of Economics and Business Administration Post Box 479 00101 Helsinki‚ Finland Ingmar.bjorkman@hanken.fi May 20‚ 2006 High Commitment Work Systems in Chinese Organizations: A Preliminary Measure Abstract The concept of a high commitment work system
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A Preliminary Exploration of the Changing Paradigms of Leadership in Turbulent Times ABSTRACT: Globalisation and disruptive changes have made the organizations realize the need and importance of leadership in turbulent times. The frenetic pace of change‚ significant growth in technology‚ scarcity of resources and changing business models pose immense challenges to the organisations to keep competitive. One critical factor for the success of organisations in such times is the capability of the
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Defining Islamic Law Islamic law is the collection of rulings and legally binding rules related to the regulation of individual behavior in society. It is a legal system with a broad range of directives‚ covering the specifics of various affairs‚ yet broad enough to be flexible and non–rigid due to its capacity for renewability and adaptability. The History of Islamic Law Role #1: This was the role of education and dealing with legal life issues in Arab society during the mission of the Prophet;
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the UK joined the European Union in 1973‚ judges have been required to apply the proportionality test in cases with a European dimension and increasing pressure has been placed upon the judiciary to incorporate the test into domestic administrative law. The modern procedural definition of the proportionality test is relatively clear. Tom Hickman‚ identified the most common formulation as a three-part procedure. The reviewing court must consider: Whether the measure was suitable to achieve the
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Law of Precedent One of the major considerations on how someone is tried in a court of law depends upon the previous convictions of similar cases. This law of precedent (stare decisis) was founded hundreds of years ago as part of our common law. The literal translation of stare decisis is "that like cases be decided alike." Precedents in law play a fundamental role in the judicial processes of Canada. From stealing a loaf of bread ranging to murder in the first degree‚ there are precedents for
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Sources of Roman law Archaic Period Custom A law that was not written down. The cumstoms were so firmly established that they had acquired obligatiory force. The recognition of a custom was however not an exact science and jurists debated whether the custom could be called a law or a binding. Roman law was almost entirely customary in origin. Royal decrees The decree of the Kings had a direct binding force as law. Republic The twelve tables 451 BC Ten men were appointed to study
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Eternal Law and Human Law As humans live in this world‚ laws and regulations are strictly enforced for the justice‚ safety‚ and rights of the humans. Whether those laws are eternal or temporal‚ all laws require standards. Saint Augustine’s On the Free Choice of the Will discusses these standards and defines what each laws mean. Most importantly‚ Augustine argues that eternal law is necessary for temporal law to exist and for the nation to function properly. I agree with Augustine’s argument on
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between the role of criminal law and civil law in relation to the legal system and analyse the purpose of the law. Criminal law is the body of law that relates to crime. It might be defined as the body of rules that defines conduct that is prohibited by the state because it is held to threaten‚ harm or otherwise endanger the safety and welfare of the public‚ and that sets out the punishment to be imposed on those who breach these laws. [1] The criminal law serves several purposes and benefits
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Nuremberg Laws The Nuremberg Race Laws were announced as two new laws on September 15‚ 1935‚ which included the Reich Citizenship Law and the Law for Protection of German Blood and German Honor law. These laws became known as the Nuremberg Laws because they were first announced at a Nazi Party Rally held in Germany. The Nazis made these laws because they believed that the world is divided into distinct races that are not equally strong and as valuable as others. The Nazis also considered Germans
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Discuss the relationship between law and morals and whether law should uphold moral values? Phil Harris in an introduction to law defines a society’s ‘code of morality’ as a set of beliefs‚ values‚ principles and a standard of behaviour. A compliance with these rules is not compulsory and not required by the state. People are influenced by their family‚ friend’s religion. However‚ they could consider from themselves what they believe to be moral or immoral in their view‚ because a society is pluralistic
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