gap if they have enough thermal energy. The semiconductors’ band gaps are usually thinner than the conducting ones. In this experiment‚ one is to prepare a cadmium sulphide semiconducting film on the glass slides. The transition of electrons from the valence band to the conduction band can be achieved by the absorption of electromagnetic radiation‚ if this energy is equal to or larger than Eg. The excited electrons reaching its new energy level can absorb
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EXERCISE 11 Synthesis of Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic Acid from Salicylic Acid) RAQUID‚ Rency J Group 5 18L I. Introduction Due to the demand of certain reagents in the laboratory in order to perform and conduct further experiments or produce essential compounds‚ chemists continuously develop organic synthesis. This process aims to prepare and synthesize desired organic compounds from commercially or readily available ones by providing the simplest route in synthesizing the compound
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isopentyl alcohol with acetic acid and an acid catalyst. The product was isolated using a combination of techniques -- acid-base extraction‚ drying‚ and distillation -- and was characterized by its boiling temperature and its refractive index. Esterification is a condensation reaction where two molecules are joined together to form a larger molecule with the simultaneous loss of water. This ester in this experiment is isopentyl acetate formed from acetic acid and isopentyl alcohol. The reaction
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Bioresource Technology 79 (2001) 207±225 Review paper The production of poly-(c-glutamic acid) from microorganisms and its various applications Ing-Lung Shih *‚ Yi-Tsong Van Department of Environmental Engineering‚ Da-Yeh University‚ 112 Shan-Jiau Road‚ Da-Tsuen‚ Chang-Hwa 51505‚ Taiwan‚ ROC Accepted 9 April 2001 Abstract This review article deals with the chemistry and biosynthesis of poly-(c-glutamic acid) (c-PGA) produced by various strains of Bacillus. Potential applications of c-PGA as
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Preparation and SN1 Reactivity of 2-Bromobutane Whitney Bellido Department of Chemistry‚ Illinois State University‚ Normal‚ IL 61790-4160 Submitted: April 4th‚ 2013 Introduction The overall goal of this experiment is to understand and be familiar of SN1 reactivity. We also learned how to prepare 2-Bromobutane by learning how to distill and extract this product from its organic layer. Finally‚ another goal was to specifically understand the relative reactivity of alkyl halides under SN1 conditions
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---------------------------------- Acidspunk installation instruction ---------------------------------- Acidspunk requires an MMX processor and DirectX Place the .dll in winamp’s plugin directory. Start winamp and press "ctrl-k" Choose acidspunk and press "configure" (or "alt-k") Set the screen resolution Start the plugin "ctrl-shift-k" Check the framerate by pressing F2 while the plugin is running. The plugin should run between 20-30 frames per second to look good. If not adjust
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Studying the pH of Strong Acid‚ Weak Acid‚ Salt‚ and Buffer Solutions The purpose of the current experiment was to determine the pH of various hydrochloric acid and acetic acid solutions‚ to determine the pH of various salt solutions‚ to prepare a buffer solution‚ and determine the effects of adding a strong acid and strong base to the buffer solution versus adding a strong acid and strong base to water. The measured pHs for the hydrochloric acid solutions were 1.6‚ 2.2‚ 2.9‚ and 3.8. The measured
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DNA is a double helix molecule that contains information that is used to make up a person’s body. DNA controls every aspect of a person’s body from their eye and hair color‚ height‚ and other features. DNA’s specific and unique characteristic can be crucial when solving a crime. DNA can be used to convict a suspect or exonerate an innocent person. When DNA is found it is even more important that is handle properly to ensure proper identification and accuracy of testing. The evolution of DNA technology
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MODULE 2: GENETICS‚ VARIATION AND NATURAL SELECTION SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES & EXPLANATORY NOTES 1. Structure and Roles of Nucleic Acids 1.1 illustrate the structure of RNA and DNA using simple labelled diagrams; The genetic substance found in all organisms called DNA or deoxyribonucleic acid is a kind of nucleic acid. Nucleic acids consist of two long polymers of simpler units‚ called nucleotides; that are composed of three (3) main units as shown below: 1) A pentose sugar (deoxyribose
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Killer” RRS Why Do Poisons Matter? “Long after the 1962 publication of Rachel Carson’s book‚ Silent Spring‚ and the subsequent birth of the environmental movement‚ the days of concern over the effects of at-home and commercial pesticide use are long from over. Carson’s book described numerous environmental impacts of indiscriminate spraying of DDT in the United States and questioned the logic of releasing large amounts of chemicals into the environment without understanding their effects on the environment
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