Preparation of Synthetic Banana Oil Introduction: In this lab the synthesis‚ purification‚ and characterization of isoamyl acetate‚ or banana oil‚ was determined. The synthesis was completed by a reversible esterification reaction which required the heating of glacial acetic acid and isoamyl alcohol‚ combined with a sulfuric acid catalyst in hexane. In order to increase the efficiency of the reaction‚ LeChatelier’s Principle is utilized by removing water from the products. As a result‚ the reaction
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Determination of specific heat Capacity of a solid by electrical method Introduction Thermal conductivity heat is transferred as a consequence of temperature difference between 2 bodies‚ heat energy passes form a hotter to the colder body. Specific heat capacity is the amount of heat energy required in joules to raise 1kg of a substance by 1 degree Celsius‚ different substances absorb heat energy at different rates not all substances require the same amount of heat energy to increase the
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Conclusion Micromeritic properties refer to science and technology of small particles. The study of particle size and the arrangement of particles are of significant importance as it affects the physical‚ chemical and pharmacologic properties of a drug. Also‚ it is important for not only manufacturing and packaging but also quality control from raw material to final product uniformity. The science of micromeritic involves the study of particle size‚ size distribution‚ flow properties and bulkiness
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Experiment 6 Preparation and reactions of boric acid Objectives: To prepare boric acid from sodium tetraborate (borax) To carry out tests on the prepared sample of boric acid To study the physical and chemical properties of boric acid Introduction: Boron is an element in the p-block of the periodic table. It has the electron configuration of 1s22s22p1 and is in group 3 or goup 13 (IUPAC classification). In nature‚ it consists of two isotopes 10B (19.6%) and 11B (80.4%). Boron is bonded
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Practical 4 Determination Of Fruit Firmness Introduction The development of sensors to measure fruit internal quality variable is one of the challenges of post – harvest technology. Several variables can currently be measured‚ including sugar content‚ firmness and internal disorders. Fruit quality is related to both internal variables (firmness‚ sugar content‚ acid content and internal effect) and external variables (shape‚ size‚ external defects and damage). Increasing consumer demand for high
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POINT OF PARITY AND POINT OF DIFFERENCE These can be utilized in the positioning (marketing)[->0] of a brand[->1] for competitive advantage[->2] via brand/product[->3]. In essence: Points-of-difference[->4] (PODs) – Attributes or benefits consumers[->5] strongly associate with a brand‚ positively evaluate and believe they could not find to the same extent with a competing brand i.e. points where you are claiming superiority or exclusiveness over other products in the category. Points-of-parity
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| | 1 | 0.2123 | 0.00 | 42.34 | 42.34 | 2 | 0.2195 | 0.00 | 47.24 | 47.24 | 3 | 0.2049 | 0.00 | 26.65 | 46.65 | After Boiling | 1 | | 31.52 | 32.22 | 0.70 | 2 | | 29.34 | 30.61 | 1.27 | 3 | | 30.61 | 31.52 | 0.91 | Week 2: Determination of Sodium Carbonate in the unknown via titrating using bromocresol indicator Sample number: SC 8 Table 2: Titration of the unknown using hydrochloric acid Trial | Mass of unknown (g) | Burette reading (before boiling) | Final Volume
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Serina Pooja Sowman | Practical 7: Determination of Hardness in Water | | | | | 10/3/2012 | | Aim: To determine the different types of hardness and alkalinity found in the water by titration methods. This is used to calculate the concentrations of calcium and magnesium found in the water. Principles: The hardness of water is determined to provide a measure of the quality of water for household and industrial use. Hard water is not a health hazard. Drinking hard water
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In the melting pot of cultures in the United States‚ Hmong people are among the most misunderstood and enigmatic ethnic groups. Throughout history‚ during the most uneasy and difficult time‚ when Laos experienced civil war in the 1950s and 1960s‚ the Hmong sided with the government‚ fearing a communist regime would disrupt their independence. The Vietnam War resulted in the Hmong to siding with the United States to oppose Vietnamese and Laotian communists‚ lose a huge percent of their population
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Sex determination in plants Summary- Evolutionary transitions happened gradually from hermaphroditism to monoec in which multiple sex determining genes are involved which include male-sterility and female-sterility factors. There should not be any recombination between different loci which is the pivotal reason for the genetic degeneration of Y chromosomes. There are several theories attached to Y chromosome degeneration that are reviewed recently . Introduction: why are plant sex chromosomes
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